Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/bʰudʰnás

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This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Iranian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Adapted into a masculine a-stem noun from Proto-Indo-European *bʰudʰ(m̥)nés, genitive singular of *bʰudʰmḗn n.

Noun[edit]

*bʰudʰnás m[1]

  1. bottom, ground

Declension[edit]

masculine a-stem
singular dual plural
nominative *bʰudʰnás *bʰudʰnā́ *bʰudʰnā́, -ā́s(as)
vocative *bʰudʰna *bʰudʰnā́ *bʰudʰnā́, -ā́s(as)
accusative *bʰudʰnám *bʰudʰnā́ *bʰudʰnā́ns
instrumental *bʰudʰnā́ *bʰudʰnáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *bʰudʰnā́yš
ablative *bʰudʰnā́t *bʰudʰnáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *bʰudʰnáybʰyas
dative *bʰudʰnā́y *bʰudʰnáybʰyaH, -ā́bʰyām *bʰudʰnáybʰyas
genitive *bʰudʰnásya *bʰudʰnáyās *bʰudʰnā́na(H)m
locative *bʰudʰnáy *bʰudʰnáyaw *bʰudʰnáyšu

Derived terms[edit]

  • *abʰudʰnás (+ *a- (negative prefix))
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *abudʰnás
    • Proto-Iranian: *abuHnáh
      • Middle Persian: [script needed] (ʾbwn' /⁠abun⁠/)

Descendants[edit]

  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *budʰnás
  • Proto-Iranian: *buHnáh (“base, foundation”)[2][3] (< *budnáh, assimilation of *d)
    • Avestan: 𐬠𐬏𐬥𐬀 (būna)
    • Middle Persian:
      Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (bwn' /⁠bun⁠/, “base, foundation, bottom”)
      Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭡𐭥𐭭𐭩 (bʿny, “foundation”)
      Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (bwn /⁠bun⁠/, “base, bottom, foundation, beginning; root, source, origin; principle, basis”)
    • Kurdish:
      Northern Kurdish: bin (“bottom”)
      Central Kurdish: بن (bin, “bottom”)
    • Parthian:
      Manichaean script: [Manichaean needed] (bwn /⁠bun⁠/, “base, bottom, foundation, beginning; root, source, origin; principle, basis”)
    • → Old Armenian: բուն (bun)
    • → Ancient Greek: βύνη (búnē, “malt”)
    • → Classical Syriac: ܒܽܘܢܳܐ (būnā, “barley soaked in water”)
      • → Arabic: بُنّ (bunn, “coffee bean”) (see there for further descendants)

References[edit]

  1. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “budhná-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
  2. ^ Rastorgujeva, V. S., Edelʹman, D. I. (2003) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 186–190
  3. ^ Martínez García, Javier, de Vaan, Michiel (2014) Introduction to Avestan (Brill Introductions to Indo-European Languages; 1)‎[1], Brill, →ISBN, page 29
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