Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pasti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pāˀstéi, from Proto-Indo-European *péh₂sti, the s-present extension of *peh₂- (“to protect”).

Verb

*pasti impf

1. to pasture
2. to herd

Inflection

Conjugation of *pasti, *pase, *pasetь (impf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*pasenьje	*pasti	*pastъ	*paslъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*pasenъ	*pasomъ
Active	*pasъ	*pasy

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pas(ox)ъ	*pase	*pase	*pasǫ	*paseši	*pasetь
Dual	*pas(ox)ově	*pas(e/os)ta	*pas(e/os)te	*pasevě	*paseta	*pasete
Plural	*pas(ox)omъ	*pas(e/os)te	*pasǫ, *pasošę	*pasemъ	*pasete	*pasǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pasěaxъ	*pasěaše	*pasěaše	—	*pasi	*pasi
Dual	*pasěaxově	*pasěašeta	*pasěašete	*pasěvě	*pasěta	—
Plural	*pasěaxomъ	*pasěašete	*pasěaxǫ	*pasěmъ	*pasěte	—

Derived terms

• *pastyřь (“shepherd”)
• *pastъva (“flock”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: пасти (pasti)
    • Belarusian:
    • Russian: пасти́ (pastí)
    • Ukrainian: па́сти (pásty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Cyrillic: пасти (pasti)

    Glagolitic: [Term?]

  • Bulgarian: паса́ (pasá)
  • Macedonian: пасе (pase)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: па̏сти

    Latin script: pȁsti

  • Slovene: pásti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: pásti
    • Czech: pást
  • Polabian: păst
  • Old Polish: paść (“to pasture”)
    • Polish: paść (“to feed”)
  • Slovak: pásť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: pasć
    • Lower Sorbian: pasć

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “пасу́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Etymology 2

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *pṓˀstei, from Proto-Indo-European *ped- (“to stumble, fall”).

Verb

*pàsti pf

1. to fall

Inflection

Conjugation of *pasti, *pade, *padetь (perf., -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm a)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*padenьje	*pasti	*pastъ	*padlъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*padenъ	—
Active	*padъ	—

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*pad(ox)ъ	*pade	*pade	*padǫ	*padeši	*padetь
Dual	*pad(ox)ově	*pad(e/os)ta	*pad(e/os)te	*padevě	*padeta	*padete
Plural	*pad(ox)omъ	*pad(e/os)te	*padǫ, *padošę	*pademъ	*padete	*padǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	—	—	—	—	*padi	*padi
Dual	—	—	—	*paděvě	*paděta	—
Plural	—	—	—	*paděmъ	*paděte	—

Notes:
• In perfective verbs, present expresses future

Derived terms

• *padežь (“case”)
• *padъ (“fall”)
  • *listopadъ (“leaf fall; time of leaf fall”)
  • *sъpadъ (“decline”)
  • *zapadъ (“west”)
• *padъkъ (“fading, seizure”)
• *pastь (“fall, trench, mouth”)
• *pàdati (“to fall, to collapse”)

Related terms

• *pěšь (“pedestrian”)
• *pěšьka (“pawn”)
• *pěxota (“infantry”)
• *pod(e)rъ (“roof, surface”)
• *podьlъ (“vile, sneaky”)
  • *podьlьcь (“scoundrel”)
  • *podьlostь (“treachery”)
• *podъ (“floor”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: па́сці (pásci)
  • Russian: пасть (pastʹ)
  • Ukrainian: па́сти (pásty)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic script: пасти (pasti)

    Old Church Slavonic:

  • Bulgarian: па́де (páde) (3p. sg.)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: па̏сти

    Latin script: pȁsti

  • Slovene: pásti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: pásti
  • Old Polish: paść (“to fall”)
    • Polish: paść (“to fall”)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “паду́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress