Turkmen
English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]The current majority view for the etymology of the ethnonym Türkmen or Turcoman is that it comes from Türk and the Turkic emphasizing suffix -men, meaning "'most Turkish of the Turks' or 'pure-blooded Turks.'"[1] A folk etymology, dating back to the Middle Ages and found in al-Biruni and Mahmud al-Kashgari, instead derives the suffix -men from the Persian suffix -mānind, with the resulting word meaning "like a Turk". While formerly the dominant etymology in modern scholarship, this mixed Turkic-Persian derivation is now viewed as incorrect.[2]
Alternative forms
[edit]- Turcoman, Turkoman (via Medieval Latin Turcomannus, itself derived from Turkic via Persian ترکمان (torkamân))
- Turkman, Turkmán, Türkman (via Ottoman Turkish تركمان (Türkmân), itself derived from Turkic via Persian ترکمان (torkamân), dated)
- Türkmen (rare)
Noun
[edit]Turkmen (countable and uncountable, plural Turkmen or Turkmens)
- (countable) A person from Turkmenistan or of Turkmen descent.
- 2005, Chahryar Adle, History of Civilizations of Central Asia, page 316:
- The conquest took 16 years and ended in 1885 in a battle with the Afghans on the banks of the Murghab. During this period, the Turkmens offered the Russians stubborn resistance […]
- 2009, Barbara A. West, Encyclopedia of the Peoples of Asia and Oceania, page 841:
- Keimir-Ker, a Turkmen from the Tekke clan, led a rebellion against the Persians […]
- (uncountable) A Turkic language of the Turkmen spoken mostly in Turkmenistan.
Related terms
[edit]Translations
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Adjective
[edit]Turkmen (not comparable)
- Of, from, or pertaining to Turkmenistan, the Turkmen people or the Turkmen language.
Translations
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Etymology 2
[edit]Treated as a plural of the deprecated term Turkman, influenced by English man, plural men.
Alternative forms
[edit]- Türkmen (deprecated, rare)
Noun
[edit]Turkmen
Usage notes
[edit]Usage of Turkman, especially as a singular of Turkmen, has steadily declined and has become rare in comparison with Turkmen (plural Turkmen or Turkmens) since the 19th century as can be seen here.
References
[edit]- ^ Clark, Larry (1996) Turkmen Reference Grammar[1], Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 4, Annanepesov, M. (1999) “The Turkmens”, in Dani, Ahmad Hasan, editor, History of civilizations of Central Asia, Motilal Banarsidass, →ISBN, page 127, Golden, Peter (1992) An introduction to the history of the Turkic peoples : ethnogenesis and state-formation in the medieval and early modern Eurasia and the Middle East, Harrassowitz, pages 213–214.
- ^ Clark, Larry (1996) Turkmen Reference Grammar[2], Harrassowitz, →ISBN, pages 4–5,Annanepesov, M. (1999) “The Turkmens”, in Dani, Ahmad Hasan, editor, History of civilizations of Central Asia, Motilal Banarsidass, →ISBN, page 127,Golden, Peter (1992) An introduction to the history of the Turkic peoples : ethnogenesis and state-formation in the medieval and early modern Eurasia and the Middle East, Harrassowitz, pages 213–214.
Further reading
[edit]- ISO 639-1 code tk, ISO 639-3 code tuk (SIL)
- Ethnologue entry for Turkmen, tuk
Czech
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Turkmen m anim (female equivalent Turkmenka)
Declension
[edit]This noun needs an inflection-table template.
Related terms
[edit]Maltese
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]Turkmen (feminine singular Turkmena, plural Turkmeni)
- Turkmen (of, from or relating to Turkmenistan)
Noun
[edit]Turkmen m (plural Turkmeni, feminine Turkmena)
- Turkmen (native or inhabitant of Turkmenistan)
Noun
[edit]It-Turkmen m
- Turkmen (language)
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio pronunciation
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- English indeclinable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- English adjectives
- English uncomparable adjectives
- English non-lemma forms
- English noun forms
- English plurals in -men with singular in -man
- en:Demonyms
- en:Ethnonyms
- en:Languages
- en:Nationalities
- en:Turkmenistan
- Czech terms with IPA pronunciation
- Czech lemmas
- Czech nouns
- Czech masculine nouns
- Czech animate nouns
- cs:Male people
- cs:Nationalities
- Maltese 2-syllable words
- Maltese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Maltese lemmas
- Maltese adjectives
- mt:Demonyms
- Maltese nouns
- Maltese masculine nouns
- mt:Nationalities
- mt:Languages