User:Victar/Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁tewh₂-

This entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Alternative reconstructions

• *tewh₂-
• *teh₂u-

Root

*h₁tewh₂-

1. to be strong, powerful
2. to be healthy, safe

Derived terms

• *h₁téwh₂-ti ~ *h₁tuh₂-énti (athematic root present)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HtáwHti
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HtáwHti
      • Sanskrit: तवीति (tavīti)
    • Proto-Iranian: *HtáwHti
      • Old Avestan: 𐬙𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬁 (tauuā, 1sg.pres.subj.act.)
        • ⇒ Younger Avestan: 𐬟𐬭𐬀𐬙𐬎𐬌𐬌𐬃 (fratuiiā̊, “to be able”, 2sg.pres.opt.act.), 𐬟𐬭𐬁𐬙𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬝 (frātauuat̰, “to be able”, 3sg.pres.opt.act.)
        • ⇒ Younger Avestan: [script needed] (tuuaṇt-, “capable, competent”, ptc.pres.act.)
      • ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *patiHtáwHti
        • Younger Avestan: [script needed] (paiti tauuah-, “showing resistance”)

• *h₁towh₂-éye-ti (éye-present)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Htāwáyati
    • Proto-Iranian: *Htāwáyati (“to be able”)
      • Old Persian: 𐎫𐎠𐎺𐎹𐎫𐎹 (t-a-v-y-t-[i]-y /⁠tāvayatiy⁠/, 3sg.caus.act.), 𐎠𐎫𐎠𐎺𐎹𐎶 (a-t-a-v-y-m /⁠atāvayam⁠/, impf.)

• *h₁tuh₂-(é)h₁ye-ti
  • Proto-Germanic: *þewēną, *þewāną (“to force, subdue”) (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἐτάζω (etázō, “to text, examine”)
  • Proto-Italic: *towēo (or from *h₁towh₂-éye-ti)
    • Latin: tueor (“to look at, watch over”)

• *h₁tuh₂-r-eh₂yé-ti
  • Proto-Italic: *tūrō
    • ⇒ Latin: obtūrō (“to block”)
      • ⇒ Latin: rētūrō

• *h₁tu-h₁tewh₂-t (reduplicated root athematic)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HtuHtawt
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HtuHtawt
      • Sanskrit: तूतोत् (tūtot), तूतो (tūto)

• *h₁tu-h₁tówh₂-e ~ *h₁tu-h₁tuh₂-ḗr (reduplicated stative)
  • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HtáwHti
    • Sanskrit: तूताव (tūtāva, “to be strong, have power”, 3sg.prf.act.)
  • Proto-Iranian: *HtáwHti
    • Avestan: 𐬙𐬏𐬙𐬀𐬎𐬎𐬀 (tūtauua, “is possible”, pf.)

• *h₁téwh₂-mō ~ *h₁tuh₂-m̥nés
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Htáwmā
    • Proto-Iranian: *Htáwmā (“strength, power, capacity”)
      • Old Persian: 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎠 (t-u-m-a /⁠taumā⁠/, nom.-acc.sg.), 𐎫𐎢𐎶𐎴𐎡𐏁𐎡𐎹 (t-u-m-n-i-š-i-y /⁠taumanišaiy⁠/, nom.-acc.pl.)

• *h₁téwh₂-o-s (“might, power”)
  • Proto-Germanic: *þewaz (see there for further descendants)
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἐτεός (eteós, “true”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Htáwas
    • Proto-Iranian: *Htáwas
      • Avestan: tauuah n

• Proto-Indo-European: *h₁téwh₂-s-ih₂
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HtáwHsiH (“strength, might, power”) (see there for further descendants)

• *h₁téwh₂-to-s
  • Proto-Italic: *towtos
    • Latin: tōtus (“whole, all”)

• *h₁tewh₂-tyó-s
  • Proto-Germanic: *þeudjaz (“favorable”)
    • Old English: geþīede
    • Old Norse: þýðr

• *h₁téwh₂-y-os
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HtáwHyas (“stronger”)
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *HtáwHyas
      • Sanskrit: तवीयस् (távīyas)
    • Proto-Iranian: *HtáwHyaH
      • Old Persian: 𐎫𐎢𐎻𐎡𐎹𐎠 (t-u-vi-i-y-a /⁠tauvīyā⁠/)

• *h₁towh₂-ó-s (“strong, mighty, powerful”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Htāwás
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Htāwás
      • Sanskrit: तवस् (tavás)
        • ⇒ Sanskrit: तवस्वान् (tavasvān, “powerful”)
        • ⇒ Sanskrit: तवस्य n (tavasyá, “power”)
    • Proto-Iranian: *Htāwáh
      • Parthian:

        Manichaean script: 𐫤𐫀𐫇𐫃 (tʾwg, “strong”)

• *h₁tuh₂-teh₂
  • Proto-Balto-Slavic:
    • Latvian: tūte (“power, energy”)

• *h₁tuh₂-tó-s
  • Proto-Italic: *tūtos
    • Latin: tūtus (“safe, secure”)

• *h₁tuh₂-wénts
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HtuHwánt
    • Proto-Iranian: *HtuHwánt
      • Old Persian: 𐎬𐎵𐎢𐎺𐎫𐎶 (tu-(u)-nu-u-v-t-m /⁠tunuvaⁿtam, tūnuvaⁿtam⁠/, “powerful”, acc.sg.)

• *h₁tuh₂-wó-s
  • Proto-Hellenic: *sáwos
    • Ancient Greek: σάος (sáos), σῶς (sôs, “safe, healthy, intact”)

• *h₁tu-h₁tuh₂-mó-s
  • Proto-Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἐτήτυμος (etḗtumos, “true, real, authentic”)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *HtuHtuHmás
    • Proto-Iranian: *HtuHtuHmás
      • Sanskrit: तूतुम (tūtumá, “strong”)