abactus

Latin

Pronunciation

• abāctus: (Classical) IPA^(key): /aˈbaːk.tus/, [äˈbäːkt̪ʊs̠]
• abāctus: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /aˈbak.tus/, [äˈbäkt̪us]
• abāctūs: (Classical) IPA^(key): /aˈbaːk.tuːs/, [äˈbäːkt̪uːs̠]
• abāctūs: (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /aˈbak.tus/, [äˈbäkt̪us]

Etymology 1

Perfect passive participle of abigō (“drive away, deter”).

Participle

abāctus (feminine abācta, neuter abāctum); first/second-declension participle

1. driven away, stolen, having been driven away (especially of cattle)
2. deterred, discouraged, having been deterred
3. (of a disease) removed, having been removed

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	abāctus	abācta	abāctum		abāctī	abāctae	abācta
Genitive	abāctī	abāctae	abāctī		abāctōrum	abāctārum	abāctōrum
Dative	abāctō		abāctō		abāctīs
Accusative	abāctum	abāctam	abāctum		abāctōs	abāctās	abācta
Ablative	abāctō	abāctā	abāctō		abāctīs
Vocative	abācte	abācta	abāctum		abāctī	abāctae	abācta

Etymology 2

From abigō (“drive away, deter”) +‎ -tus (noun-forming suffix).

Noun

abāctus m (genitive abāctūs); fourth declension

1. The act of driving away, robbing (especially of cattle).
   • 61 CE – c. 112 CE, Pliny the Younger, Panegyricus 20.4:

     Quam dissimilis nuper alterius principis transitus, si tamen transitus ille, non populatio fuit, cum abactus hospitum exerceret, omniaque dextra laevaque perusta et attrita...

     How unlike this was the late march of the prince, if it can even be called a march and not a hostile incursion, when he oversaw the driving away of the enemy, wearing away and burning all to the left and to the right...

   • 1891, Acta Sanctae Sedes, Vatican, page 25:

     Deinde linteolo prope cadaver sumpto abiit et aqua cui illud immerserat, aegra membra respergens, illico omne inde venenum abstersit, et quem morbum nulla medicae artis praesidia curare potuerant, extemplo vidit abactum.

     Then he removed the small linen cloth placed near the body, and, cleaning the sick limbs with the water in which it had been immersed, in that very place he wiped away all poison from them, and he immediately saw the driving away of disease which no help of the medical arts had been able to cure.

Declension

Fourth-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	abāctus	abāctūs
Genitive	abāctūs	abāctuum
Dative	abāctuī	abāctibus
Accusative	abāctum	abāctūs
Ablative	abāctū	abāctibus
Vocative	abāctus	abāctūs

Related terms

• abāctius
• abāctor
• abagmentum
• abiga
• abigeātor
• abigeātus
• abigeus
• abigō

Further reading

• “abactus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “abactus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• abactus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• abactus - ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ (since 2011) Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch) University of Chicago.