adenine

See also: Adenine and adénine

English

Structure of adenine

Etymology

Etymology tree

Ancient Greek ᾰ̓δήν (ădḗn)der.

German Adeninbor.

English adenine

From German Adenin, from Ancient Greek ἀδήν (adḗn, “gland”). By surface analysis, aden- +‎ -ine. It was named in 1885 by the German biochemist Albrecht Kossel, in reference to the pancreas (a specific gland) from which Kossel's sample had been extracted.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈæ.dəˌniːn/, /ˈæ.dɪˌnɪn/

• Audio (US):

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• Audio (UK):

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Noun

adenine (countable and uncountable, plural adenines)

2. (biochemistry, genetics) A base, C₅H₅N₅, found in certain glands and tissues, which pairs with thymine in DNA and uracil in RNA.

   Hypernyms: nucleobase, purine

   Coordinate terms: cytosine, guanine, thymine, uracil

   • 2002, Nikolai L. Vekshin, Photonics of Biopolymers‎^[1], page 115:

     One of these labels is ethenoadenine, which is obtained by chemical modification of adenine.

   • 2006, David Markie, “1: Markers, Selection, and Media in Yeast Artificial Chromosome Cloning”, in Alasdair MacKenzie, editor, YAC Protocols‎^[2], 2nd edition, page 2:

     There are two genes in the adenine biosynthetic pathway of yeast (ADE1 and ADE2) that, apart from producing an absolute requirement for adenine when mutant, also produce a change in colony color.

   • 2010, Debjani Roy, Rogué Schleyer, “6: Chemical Origin of Life: How do Five HCN Molecules Combine to form Adenine under Prebiotic and Interstellar Conditions”, in Chérif F. Matta, editor, Quantum Biochemistry‎^[3], page 202:

     The HCN pentamer, adenine (a constituent of DNA, RNA and many coenzymes), is one of the most abundant biochemical molecules.

   • 2022 June 2, Sandee LaMotte, “The ‘Benjamin Button’ effect: Scientists can reverse aging in mice. The goal is to do the same for humans”, in CNN‎^[4]:

     Sinclair also takes 1 gram of NMN, or nicotinamide mononucleotide, which in the body turns into NAD+, or nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide.

Derived terms

• adenase
• arabinofuranosyladenine
• arabinosyladenine
• benzyladenine
• cladribine
• deoxyadenine
• dihydroxyadenine
• homoadenine
• homopolyriboadenine
• isopentenyladenine
• methyladenine
• nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide
• nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
• nicotinamide adenine trinucleotide
• polyadenine
• propyladenine
• riboadenine

Related terms

• adenosine
• adenylate
• adenylic acid

Translations

base that pairs with thymine or uracil

• Catalan: adenina f
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 腺嘌呤 (zh) (xiànpiàolìng, xiànpiāolíng)

• Czech: adenin m
• Esperanto: adenino
• Finnish: adeniini (fi)
• French: adénine (fr) f
• German: Adenin (de) n
• Hindi: ग्रन्थ्यूतिनी (granthyūtinī)
• Hungarian: adenin (hu)
• Icelandic: adenín n
• Irish: adainín m
• Italian: adenina (it) f
• Japanese: アデニン (ja) (adenin)
• Kazakh: аденин (adeniyn)
• Kyrgyz: аденин (ky) (adenin)
• Latvian: adenīns (lv) m
• Marathi: ग्रन्थ्यूतिनी (granthyūtinī)
• Nepali: ग्रन्थ्यूतिनी (granthyūtinī)
• Polish: adenina (pl) f
• Portuguese: adenina (pt) f
• Romanian: adenină (ro) f
• Russian: адени́н (ru) m (adɛnín)
• Spanish: adenina (es) f
• Turkish: adenin (tr)

Italian

Noun

adenine f pl

1. plural of adenina

Anagrams

• enneadi, neanide