adnabod
Welsh
Etymology
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From Middle Welsh adnabot, from an adjective form related to Proto-Celtic *ati-gninati (“to know”) (compare Old Irish ad·gnin) compounded with bod (“to be”), from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥néh₃ti, a nasal-infix present of *ǵneh₃- (“to know”).
The form adwaen is from Proto-Celtic *ati-uɸo-gninati.
Pronunciation
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Verb
adnabod (first-person singular present adwaen)
- to recognize (to match in memory; to know from a previous encounter)
- (literary) to know (be acquainted or familiar with)
Usage notes
In the literary language, this verb means both ‘recognize’ and ‘know’ (in the sense of French connaître and German kennen); in the colloquial language it means only ‘recognize’, while ‘know’ is nabod.
Conjugation
Conjugation
Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | first | second | third | |
future | adnabydda i, adnabyddaf i | adnabyddi di | adnabyddith o/e/hi, adnabyddiff e/hi | adnabyddwn ni | adnabyddwch chi | adnabyddan nhw |
conditional | adnabyddwn i, adwaenwn i | adnabyddet ti, adwaenet ti | adnabyddai fo/fe/hi, adwaenai fo/fe/hi | adnabydden ni, adwaenen ni | adnabyddech chi, adwaenech chi | adnabydden nhw, adwaenen nhw |
preterite | adnabyddais i, adnabyddes i | adnabyddaist ti, adnabyddest ti | adnabyddodd o/e/hi | adnabyddon ni | adnabyddoch chi | adnabyddon nhw |
imperative | — | adnabydda | — | — | adnabyddwch} | — |
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. |
Synonyms
- (to know (be acquainted or familiar with)): nabod (colloquial)
Derived terms
- nabod (“to know (be acquainted or familiar with)”) (colloquial)
Mutation
Welsh mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
radical | soft | nasal | h-prothesis |
adnabod | unchanged | unchanged | hadnabod |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “adwaen”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Categories:
- Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh
- Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh verbs
- Welsh irregular verbs
- Welsh literary terms