alkaloid

See also: Alkaloid

English

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic اَلْقِلْي (al-qily)der.

Medieval Latin alcalibor.

French alcalibor.

English alkali

Ancient Greek -ο- (-o-)der.

Latin -o-

Proto-Indo-European *weyd-

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *wéydos

Proto-Hellenic *wéidos

Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos)

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *-ēs

Proto-Hellenic *-ēs

Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs)

Ancient Greek -ειδής (-eidḗs)

Latin -oīdēslbor.

English -oid

English alkaloid

From alkali + -oid. Compare French alcaloïde.

Pronunciation

• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈæl.kə.lɔɪd/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

alkaloid (plural alkaloids)

2. (organic chemistry) Any of many organic (often heterocyclic) bases that occur in nature and often have medicinal properties.
   • 1990, Song Liu, Syntheses of Aspidosperma Alkaloids, page 2:

     The Aspidosperma alkaloids are the largest group of indole alkaloids.

   • 2010, Bertil B. Fredholm, Methylxanthines:

     Xanthosine, the initial substrate of purine alkaloid synthesis, is supplied by at least four different pathways […]

Hyponyms

• See also Thesaurus:alkaloid

Derived terms

• alkaloidic
• cadaveric alkaloid
• glycoalkaloid
• harmala alkaloid
• indole alkaloid
• morphine alkaloid
• nicotine alkaloid
• nonalkaloid
• opium alkaloid
• protoalkaloid
• pseudoalkaloid
• pyrrolizidine alkaloidosis
• thioalkaloid

Related terms

• alkaloidal
• alkaloidiferous

Translations

organic heterocyclic base

• Arabic: قَلْوَانِيّ m (qalwāniyy)
• Catalan: alcaloide (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 生物鹼 / 生物碱 (sang¹ mat⁶ gaan²)

  Mandarin: 生物鹼 / 生物碱 (zh) (shēngwùjiǎn)

• Czech: alkaloid (cs) m
• Danish: alkaloid c
• Esperanto: alkaloido
• Estonian: alkaloid (et)
• Finnish: alkaloidi (fi)
• French: alcaloïde (fr) m
• Galician: alcaloide (gl) m
• Georgian: ალკალოიდი (ka) (alḳaloidi)
• German: Alkaloid (de) n
• Greek: αλκαλοειδές (el) n (alkaloeidés)
• Hungarian: alkaloid (hu)
• Icelandic: beiskjuefni n
• Ido: alkaloido (io)
• Indonesian: alkaloid (id)
• Irish: alcalóideach m
• Italian: alcaloide (it) m
• Japanese: アルカロイド (ja) (arukaroido)
• Kazakh: алкалоид (alkaloıyd)
• Korean: 알칼로이드 (ko) (alkalloideu)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: alkaloid (no) n

  Nynorsk: alkaloid n

• Polish: alkaloid (pl) m
• Portuguese: alcaloide (pt) m
• Romanian: alcaloid (ro) m
• Russian: алкало́ид (ru) m (alkalóid)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: алкало̀ӣд m

  Latin: alkalòīd m

• Spanish: alcaloide (es) m
• Turkish: alkaloit (tr)
• Xibe: ᡧᡝᡢ
  ᡠ
  ᡪᡞᠶᠠᠨ

See also

• atropine
• codeine
• Demerol
• emetine
• ergotamine
• lysergic acid
• meperidine
• morphine
• nicotine
• papaverine
• pethidine
• piperidine
• reserpine
• scopine
• strychnine
• thebaine
• yohimbine

Adjective

alkaloid (comparative more alkaloid, superlative most alkaloid)

1. Relating to, resembling, or containing alkali.

Further reading

• “alkaloid”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.

Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈalkaloɪt]

Noun

alkaloid m inan

1. alkaloid

Declension

Declension of alkaloid (hard masculine inanimate)

	singular	plural
nominative	alkaloid	alkaloidy
genitive	alkaloidu	alkaloidů
dative	alkaloidu	alkaloidům
accusative	alkaloid	alkaloidy
vocative	alkaloide	alkaloidy
locative	alkaloidu	alkaloidech
instrumental	alkaloidem	alkaloidy

Indonesian

Etymology

Internationalism

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /alkaˈloid/ [al.kaˈlo.ɪt̪̚]
• Rhymes: -oid
• Syllabification: al‧ka‧loid

Noun

alkaloid (plural alkaloid-alkaloid)

1. (organic chemistry) alkaloid

Derived terms

• alkaloid indol
• alkaloid karpain

Further reading

• “alkaloid”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016
• Mien Achmad Rifai; Nawangsari Sugiri; Sumitro Sunitiyono (1990), Kamus Biologi: Fisiologi [Dictionary of Biology: Physiology] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, →ISBN, page 6

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From alkali +‎ -oid.

Noun

alkaloid n (definite singular alkaloidet, indefinite plural alkaloid or alkaloider, definite plural alkaloida or alkaloidene)

1. (organic chemistry) an alkaloid

References

• “alkaloid” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “alkaloid” in Norwegian Academy Dictionary (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From alkali +‎ -oid.

Noun

alkaloid n (definite singular alkaloidet, indefinite plural alkaloid, definite plural alkaloida)

1. (organic chemistry) an alkaloid

References

• “alkaloid” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Polish alkalia

Proto-Indo-European *weyd-

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *wéydos

Proto-Hellenic *wéidos

Ancient Greek εἶδος (eîdos)

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Indo-European *-ēs

Proto-Hellenic *-ēs

Ancient Greek -ης (-ēs)

Ancient Greek -ειδής (-eidḗs)der.

Polish -oid

Polish alkaloid

From alkalia + -oid. First attested in 1822.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /al.kaˈlɔ.it/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔit
• Syllabification: al‧ka‧lo‧id

Noun

alkaloid m inan

1. (organic chemistry) alkaloid

Declension

Declension of alkaloid

	singular	plural
nominative	alkaloid	alkaloidy
genitive	alkaloidu	alkaloidów
dative	alkaloidowi	alkaloidom
accusative	alkaloid	alkaloidy
instrumental	alkaloidem	alkaloidami
locative	alkaloidzie	alkaloidach
vocative	alkaloidzie	alkaloidy

Derived terms

adjective

• alkaloidowy

Related terms

adjectives

• alkaliczny
• alkalifilny

adverb

• alkalicznie

nouns

• alkalia
• alkaliceluloza
• alkaliczność
• alkalifil
• alkalimetr
• alkalimetria
• alkalizacja
• alkaloid
• alkaloza
• alkan
• alkanina

verbs

• alkalizować impf
• zalkalizować pf

Collocations

Collocations

• alkaloidy pirydynowe ― pyridine alkaloids
• alkaloidy purynowe ― purine alkaloids
• alkaloidy roślinne ― plant alkaloids
• trujący alkaloid ― poisonous alkaloid
• psychoaktywne alkaloidy ― psychoactive alkaloids
• toksyczne alkaloidy ― toxic alkaloids
• szkodliwe alkaloidy ― harmful alkaloids
• naturalne alkaloidy ― natural alkaloids
• alkaloidy sporyszu ― ergot alkaloids
• alkaloidy pokrzyku ― hymen alkaloids
• alkaloid teiny ― theine alkaloid
• alkaloidy opium ― opium alkaloids
• zawartość alkaloidów ― alkaloids content
• grupa alkaloidów ― group of alkaloids
• obecność alkaloidów ― the presence of alkaloids
• działanie alkaloidów ― action of alkaloids
• zawierać alkaloidy ― contain alkaloids
• alkaloid występuje ― alkaloid is present

Further reading

• “alkaloid”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[2] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “alkaloid”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[3] (in Polish)
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “alkaloid”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “alkaloid”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 25

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /alkalǒiːd/
• Hyphenation: al‧ka‧lo‧id

Noun

alkalòīd m inan (Cyrillic spelling алкало̀ӣд)

1. alkaloid

Declension

Declension of alkaloid

	singular	plural
nominative	alkalòīd	alkaloídi
genitive	alkaloída	alkaloida
dative	alkaloidu	alkaloidima
accusative	alkalòīd	alkaloide
vocative	alkaloide	alkaloidi
locative	alkaloidu	alkaloidima
instrumental	alkaloidom	alkaloidima