bædan

Old English

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *baidijan, from Proto-Germanic *baidijaną (“to constrain, cause to stay”), causative of *bīdaną (“to wait, guard”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeydʰ- (“persuade, agree”). Cognate with Old Saxon bēdian (“to demand”), Old High German beiten (“to urge, pressure, demand”), Old Norse beiða (“demand, long for”), Gothic 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (baidjan, “to constrain”). More at bide.

Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek πείθω (peíthō), Latin fidere (whence English confide), Proto-Slavic *běda (“adversity, misery”), Albanian bint.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbæː.dɑn/

Verb

bǣdan

1. to constrain, incite, compel, urge; to demand
   • Ðæs his lufu bædeþ ― Whom his love constraineth. (Exeter Book)

Conjugation

Conjugation of bǣdan (weak, class 1)

infinitive	bǣdan	bǣdenne
indicative mood	present tense	past tense
first person singular	bǣde	bǣdde
second person singular	bǣdest, bǣtst	bǣddest
third person singular	bǣdeþ, bǣtt, bǣt	bǣdde
plural	bǣdaþ	bǣddon
subjunctive	present tense	past tense
singular	bǣde	bǣdde
plural	bǣden	bǣdden
imperative
singular	bǣd
plural	bǣdaþ
participle	present	past
	bǣdende	(ġe)bǣded

Related terms

• bīdan

Etymology 2

Of unknown origin; possibly a ghost word.

Alternative forms

• bædan — spurious

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbæː.dɑn/

Verb

bǣdan

1. to stain, defile, besmirch

Conjugation

Conjugation of bǣdan (weak, class 1)

infinitive	bǣdan	bǣdenne
indicative mood	present tense	past tense
first person singular	bǣde	bǣdde
second person singular	bǣdest, bǣtst	bǣddest
third person singular	bǣdeþ, bǣtt, bǣt	bǣdde
plural	bǣdaþ	bǣddon
subjunctive	present tense	past tense
singular	bǣde	bǣdde
plural	bǣden	bǣdden
imperative
singular	bǣd
plural	bǣdaþ
participle	present	past
	bǣdende	(ġe)bǣded

Related terms

• ^? bæddel