caliber

English

Alternative forms

• calibre (more common form in UK etc)

Etymology

From French calibre (“bore of a gun, size, capacity (literally, and figuratively), also weight”), from Italian calibro.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈkæl.ɪ.bə(ɹ)/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈkæl.ə.bɚ/, /ˈkæl.ɪ.bɚ/
• (General Australian) IPA^(key): /ˈkæl.ə.bə(ɹ)/

  • Audio (General Australian):

    (file)

• Hyphenation: cal‧i‧ber

Noun

caliber (countable and uncountable, plural calibers) (British spelling, Australia, Canada, New Zealand)

1. Diameter of the bore of a firearm, typically measured between opposite lands.
2. The diameter of round or cylindrical body, as of a bullet, a projectile, or a column.
3. A nominal name for a cartridge type, which may not exactly indicate its true size and may include other measurements such as cartridge length or black powder capacity. Eg 7.62×39 or 38.40.
4. Unit of measure used to express the length of the bore of a weapon. The number of calibres is determined by dividing the length of the bore of the weapon, from the breech face of the tube to the muzzle, by the diameter of its bore. A gun tube the bore of which is 40 feet (480 inches) long and 12 inches in diameter is said to be 40 calibers long.
5. (figuratively) Relative size, importance, magnitude.
   • 1960, P[elham] G[renville] Wodehouse, chapter XIII, in Jeeves in the Offing, London: Herbert Jenkins, →OCLC:

     A snort of about the calibre of an explosion in an ammunition dump escaped my late father's sister.

6. (figuratively) Capacity or compass of mind.
7. (dated) Degree of importance or station in society.
8. (horology) Movement of a timepiece.

Derived terms

• calibered
• monocaliber
• multicaliber
• polycaliber
• subcaliber

Related terms

• calibrate
• calibration
• calipers

Descendants

• → Irish: calabra
• → Welsh: calibr

Translations

diameter of the bore of a firearm

• Albanian: kalibër (sq) m
• Arabic: عِيَار (ar) m (ʕiyār)
• Armenian: տրամաչափ (hy) (tramačʻapʻ)
• Assamese: ক্যালিবৰ (kyalibor)
• Azerbaijani: çap (az)
• Belarusian: калі́бр m (kalíbr), калі́бар m (kalíbar)
• Bengali: ক্যালিবার (kêlibar)
• Bulgarian: кали́бър (bg) m (kalíbǎr)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 口徑 / 口径 (zh) (kǒujìng)

• Czech: ráže (cs) f, ráž f, kalibr m
• Danish: kaliber c
• Dutch: kaliber (nl) n
• Esperanto: kalibro
• Estonian: kaliiber
• Finnish: kaliiperi (fi)
• French: calibre (fr) m
• Georgian: კალიბრი (ḳalibri)
• German: Kaliber (de) n, Durchmesser (de) m, Bohrung (de) f
• Greek: διαμέτρημα (el) n (diamétrima)
• Hebrew: קָלִיבֵּר (he) m (kalíber)
• Hindi: कैलिबर m (kailibar)
• Hungarian: kaliber (hu)
• Italian: calibro (it) m
• Japanese: 口径 (ja) (こうけい, kōkei)
• Kazakh: калибр (kalibr)
• Korean: 구경(口徑) (ko) (gugyeong)
• Kyrgyz: калибр (kalibr)
• Latvian: kalibrs m
• Lithuanian: kalibras m
• Macedonian: кали́бар m (kalíbar)
• Maori: kūpara
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: kaliber (no) m or n

  Nynorsk: kaliber m or n

• Ottoman Turkish: چاپ (çap)
• Persian: کالیبر (fa) (kâlibr)
• Polish: kaliber (pl) m
• Portuguese: calibre (pt) m
• Romanian: calibru (ro) n
• Russian: кали́бр (ru) m (kalíbr)
• Scottish Gaelic: meudachd f
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: кали́бар m

  Roman: kalíbar (sh) m

• Slovak: kaliber m
• Slovene: kaliber m
• Spanish: calibre (es) m
• Swedish: kaliber (sv) c
• Tagalog: kalibre
• Tajik: калибр (kalibr)
• Turkish: kalibre (tr), çap (tr)
• Ukrainian: калі́бр (uk) m (kalíbr)
• Uzbek: kalibr (uz)
• Vietnamese: ca líp, cỡ (vi), cữ (vi)

diameter of round or cylindrical body, as of a bullet, projectile or column

• Armenian: տրամաչափ (hy) (tramačʻapʻ)
• Bulgarian: кали́бър (bg) m (kalíbǎr)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 直徑 / 直径 (zh) (zhíjìng)

• German: Kaliber (de) n
• Maori: kūpara
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: kaliber (no) m or n

  Nynorsk: kaliber m or n

• Portuguese: calibre (pt) m
• Scottish Gaelic: meudachd f
• Spanish: calibre (es) m
• Turkish: kalibre (tr)

unit of measure of the length of the bore of a weapon

• Armenian: տրամաչափ (hy) (tramačʻapʻ)
• Danish: kaliber c
• German: Kaliber (de) n
• Spanish: calibre (es) m
• Turkish: kalibre (tr)

figuratively: capacity or compass of mind

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 才幹 / 才干 (zh) (cáigàn)

• Danish: kaliber c, format n
• Finnish: kaliiperi (fi)
• German: Kaliber (de) n, Format (de) n
• Japanese: 力量 (ja) (りきりょう, rikiryō)
• Maori: pūmanawa
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: kaliber (no) m or n

  Nynorsk: kaliber m or n

• Spanish: calaña (es) f
• Swedish: kaliber (sv)

obsolete: degree of importance or station in society

• German: Kaliber (de) n, Wert (de) m, Format (de) n

Further reading

• “caliber”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “caliber”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

The Oxford English Dictionary, 2nd ed., Clarendon Press, 1989.

Anagrams

• calibre