cen

See also: Cen, -cen, cen-, cén, cēn, ceń, and -cén

Galician

Galician cardinal numbers

<  99	100	101  >
Cardinal : cen     Ordinal : centésimo

Alternative forms

• cento (combining form only)

Etymology

From Old Galician-Portuguese cen, from cento, from Latin centum, from Proto-Italic *kentom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

Numeral

cen (indeclinable)

1. one hundred; 100

Usage notes

The indeclinable form cen means "one hundred" only. To say "one hundred one", the combining form cento is used, as cento un or cento unha. Likewise, "one hundred thirty" is cento trinta, and "one hundred fifty-four" is cento cincuenta e catro.

See also

• douscentos (“two hundred”)
• trescentos (“three hundred”)
• quiñentos (“five hundred”)
• setecentos (“seven hundred”)

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Mandarin

Romanization

cen

1. Nonstandard spelling of cēn.
2. Nonstandard spelling of cén.

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

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Old English

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kiznaz, *kizną (“pinewood; spruce”). Cognate with Old High German kien (German Kien (“pine”)).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃeːn/

Noun

ċēn m

1. (poetic) torch
2. the runic character ᚳ (/k/ or /tʃ/)

Synonyms

• (torch): þæċele

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Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *kina (“on this side of”), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱe (“this, here”); compare Breton ken (“otherwise”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʲen/

Preposition

cen (governs the accusative; triggers lenition)

1. except
2. without

Inflection

Inflection of cen

Person	Normal	Emphatic
1st person sing.
2d person sing.		cenutsu
3d sing. masc./neut., dative
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative	cen(a)e
3d sing. fem., dative
3d sing. fem., accusative
1st person pl.
2d person pl.		cenuibsi
3d person pl., dative
3d person pl., accusative	cenaib

Derived terms

• cen ḟis do
• cene

 

Descendants

• Irish: gan
• Manx: gyn
• Scottish Gaelic: gun

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
cen	chen	cen pronounced with /ɡ(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cen”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, §§ 434, 827, pages 273, 501

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Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡sɛn/

Noun

cen f

1. genitive plural of cena

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Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from English change.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t͡ʃen/

Noun

cen (nominative plural cens)

1. change, transition, turn

Declension

declension of cen

	singular	plural
nominative	cen	cens
genitive	cena	cenas
dative	cene	cenes
accusative	ceni	cenis
vocative 1	o cen!	o cens!
predicative 2	cenu	cenus

• ¹ status as a case is disputed
• ² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms

• yelacen (“turn of the year”)

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Welsh

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sken- (“to split off”) (compare Breton skant (“scales”), Old Irish ceinn, Irish scain (“to tear, burst”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɛn/

Noun

cen m (plural cennau)

1. lichen
2. scurf, slough, dandruff
3. scale on a plant or in a furnace
4. (chemistry) fur

Derived terms

Derived terms

• cen blaguro (“bud scale”)
• cen bract (“bract scales”)
• cen pen (“dandruff”)
• cen y cerrig (“(rock) licen”)
• cen y coed (“(tree) lichen”)
• cenfesureg (“lichenometry”)
• cenfetreg (“lichenometry”)
• dyddio cen (“lichenometry”)
• gweinwyfyn cen (“case bearer”)
• gweinwyfyn cen bach (“lesser case bearer”)
• gweinwyfyn cen cul (“narrow case bearer”)
• rhisglyn y cen (“Brussels lace”)

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cen	gen	nghen	chen
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.