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cen

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Appendix:Variations of "cen"

Translingual

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Etymology

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From English Cen.

Symbol

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cen

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Cen.

See also

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Ahtna

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Proto-Athabaskan *kʸən (“stick, base”). Cognate with Lower Tanana chenh, Navajo tsin.

Noun

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cen (Central, Lower, Western)

  1. stick
  2. log
  3. pole
  4. wooden object
  5. stem, stalk, trunk (of a tree)

Derived terms

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References

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  • Kari, James (1990), Ahtna Athabaskan Dictionary, Fairbanks, Alaska: Alaska Native Language Center, →ISBN, page 114

Albanian

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Etymology

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Unknown. Meyer initially derived it from Latin signum (“sign”) but he withdrew from the idea later, due to the fact that signum has given shenjë in Albanian. Also, any relation to Italian segno (proposed by Kristoforidhi) falls as s- from Italian has not given c- in Albanian. Mann related it to Greek πένομαι (pénomai, “to weave, spin”) and πόνος (pónos, “pain”), but in addition to the distant meanings, the Greek words come from a PIE *(s)p- root which cannot give starting c- in Albanian. Also, the roots *kṷenos and *kṷenā that he proposes would have given a starting s- in Albanian, not c-.

Çabej states that the main problem is that the original concrete meaning, before the abstracts of nowadays were formed, has diminished. Few survivors in dialects are cenakuq (“European robin; red-spotted warbler”) and cen as adjective (picky eater), which lead to the original meaning related to spot, mark, patch.[1]

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈt͡sɛn/
  • Rhymes: -en
  • Hyphenation: cen

Noun

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cen m

  1. physical defect, blemish
  2. flaw, vice, bad habit
  3. (regional) bad action, dislikable endeavor (used in Dangëlli region)[2]

Declension

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Declension of cen
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative cen ceni cene cenet
accusative cenin
dative ceni cenit ceneve ceneve
ablative cenesh

Adjective

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cen (feminine cene)

  1. (regional) picky eater
    Synonyms: cenak, qibar, buzëhollë
    Djalin e kam cen ― My son is a picky eater.

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Çabej, E. (1987), “cen”, in Studime etimologjike në fushë të shqipes (in Albanian), volumes III: C–D, Tirana, page 19
  2. ^ Floqi, Spiro (1958), Buletin i Universitetit Shtetëror të Tiranës, Seria Shkencat Shoqërore, volume 3, Tirana: University of Tirana, page 139

Further reading

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  • FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎[1], 1980
  • “cen”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
  • Newmark, Leonard (1999), “cen”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary‎[2]

Galician

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Galician numbers (edit)
1,000
 ←  90  ←  99 100 200  → [a], [b] 1,000  → 
10
    Cardinal (standard): (alone or followed by a noun or higher numeral) cen
    Cardinal (reintegrationist): (alone or followed by a noun or higher numeral) cem
    Cardinal: (followed by a lower numeral) cento
    Ordinal: centésimo
    Ordinal abbreviation: 100º
    Fractional: centésimo

Alternative forms

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  • cento (combining form only)

Etymology

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From Old Galician-Portuguese cen, from cento, from Latin centum, from Proto-Italic *kəntom, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): (standard) /ˈθɛŋ/ [ˈθɛŋ]
  • IPA(key): (seseo) /ˈsɛŋ/ [ˈsɛŋ]

  • Rhymes: -ɛŋ
  • Hyphenation: cen

Numeral

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cen (indeclinable)

  1. one hundred; 100

Usage notes

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The indeclinable form cen means "one hundred" only. To say "one hundred one", the combining form cento is used, as cento un or cento unha. Likewise, "one hundred thirty" is cento trinta, and "one hundred fifty-four" is cento cincuenta e catro.

See also

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Further reading

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Italian

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Contraction

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cen

  1. (literary, archaic) contraction of ce +‎ ne

Mandarin

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Romanization

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cen

  1. nonstandard spelling of cēn
  2. nonstandard spelling of cén

Usage notes

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  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Old English

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Etymology

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From Proto-West Germanic *kēn.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ċēn m

  1. (poetic) torch
  2. the runic character ᚳ (/k/ or /t͡ʃ/)

Declension

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Strong a-stem:

singular plural
nominative ċēn ċēnas
accusative ċēn ċēnas
genitive ċēnes ċēna
dative ċēne ċēnum

Synonyms

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Old Irish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Celtic *kina (“on this side of”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *ḱís (“this (here)”); compare Breton ken (“otherwise”).

Pronunciation

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Preposition

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cen (governs the accusative; triggers lenition)

  1. except
  2. without
  3. not to (followed by a verbal noun)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:cen.

Inflection

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Inflection of cen
Person: normal emphatic
singular first
second cenutsu
third
m or n 		dative
accusative cen(a)e
third
f 		dative
accusative
plural first
second cenuibsi
third dative
accusative cenaib

Derived terms

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Descendants

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  • Irish: gan
  • Manx: gyn
  • Scottish Gaelic: gun

Mutation

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Mutation of cen
radical lenition nasalization
cen chen cen
pronounced with /ɡʲ-/

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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Polish

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Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈt͡sɛn/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛn
  • Syllabification: cen

Noun

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cen f

  1. genitive plural of cena

Volapük

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Etymology

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Borrowed from English change.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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cen (genitive cena, plural cens)

  1. change, transition, turn

Declension

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Declension of cen
Singular Plural
Nominative cen cens
Genitive cena cenas
Dative cene cenes
Accusative ceni cenis
Predicative1 cenu cenus
Vocative o cen o cens
  1. Introduced in Volapük Nulik.

Derived terms

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Welsh

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Etymology

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From Middle Welsh kenn (“skin, hide”), from Proto-Brythonic *kenn, from Proto-Celtic *kennos (“skin”) (compare Cornish kenn (“film, skin (on liquid); peel”), Breton kenn (“scurf, dandruff”), Old Irish cenn (“covering”)), from Proto-Indo-European *sken- (“to split off”) (compare German schinden (“to strip, peel; skin”)); further to Cornish skans (“fish scales”), Breton skant (“fish scales”), Irish scáin (“to tear, burst”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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cen m (plural cennau)

  1. (dermatology) scurf, dandruff
    Synonyms: marwdon, sgrwff
  2. (biology) scale (on fish, bud)
    Synonym: cennyn
  3. (chemistry) scale, scurf, fur (in pipe, boiler, furnace, kettle)
    Synonym: calch
  4. (mycology) lichen
    Synonym: cramen y cerrig
  5. (dental hygiene) tartar
    Synonyms: deintgen, grutgen

Derived terms

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Mutation

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Mutated forms of cen
radical soft nasal aspirate
cen gen nghen chen

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

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  • R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “cen”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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