dabuka

Zulu

FWOTD – 15 October 2019

Etymology

dabu (“of tearing, cracking”) +‎ -k +‎ -a

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /daɓuːɠa/

Verb

-dabuka

1. (intransitive) to break, to crack, to crush
2. (intransitive) to become sad, to become grieved, to become heartbroken
3. (intransitive) to descend, to originate

Inflection

Tone L
Infinitive	ukudabuka
	Positive	Negative
Infinitive	ukudabuka	ukungadabuki
	Imperative
	Simple	+ object concord
Singular	dabuka	-dabuke
Plural	dabukani	-dabukeni
	Stative
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngidabukile, ngidabukē	engidabukile, engidabukē	ngidabukile, ngidabukē	angidabukile, angidabukē	engingadabukile, engingadabukē	ngingadabukile, ngingadabukē
2nd singular	udabukile, udabukē	odabukile, odabukē	udabukile, udabukē	awudabukile, awudabukē	ongadabukile, ongadabukē	ungadabukile, ungadabukē
1st plural	sidabukile, sidabukē	esidabukile, esidabukē	sidabukile, sidabukē	asidabukile, asidabukē	esingadabukile, esingadabukē	singadabukile, singadabukē
2nd plural	nidabukile, nidabukē	enidabukile, enidabukē	nidabukile, nidabukē	anidabukile, anidabukē	eningadabukile, eningadabukē	ningadabukile, ningadabukē
Class 1	udabukile, udabukē	odabukile, odabukē	edabukile, edabukē	akadabukile, akadabukē	ongadabukile, ongadabukē	engadabukile, engadabukē
Class 2	badabukile, badabukē	abadabukile, abadabukē	bedabukile, bedabukē	abadabukile, abadabukē	abangadabukile, abangadabukē	bengadabukile, bengadabukē
Class 3	udabukile, udabukē	odabukile, odabukē	udabukile, udabukē	awudabukile, awudabukē	ongadabukile, ongadabukē	ungadabukile, ungadabukē
Class 4	idabukile, idabukē	edabukile, edabukē	idabukile, idabukē	ayidabukile, ayidabukē	engadabukile, engadabukē	ingadabukile, ingadabukē
Class 5	lidabukile, lidabukē	elidabukile, elidabukē	lidabukile, lidabukē	alidabukile, alidabukē	elingadabukile, elingadabukē	lingadabukile, lingadabukē
Class 6	adabukile, adabukē	adabukile, adabukē	edabukile, edabukē	awadabukile, awadabukē	angadabukile, angadabukē	engadabukile, engadabukē
Class 7	sidabukile, sidabukē	esidabukile, esidabukē	sidabukile, sidabukē	asidabukile, asidabukē	esingadabukile, esingadabukē	singadabukile, singadabukē
Class 8	zidabukile, zidabukē	ezidabukile, ezidabukē	zidabukile, zidabukē	azidabukile, azidabukē	ezingadabukile, ezingadabukē	zingadabukile, zingadabukē
Class 9	idabukile, idabukē	edabukile, edabukē	idabukile, idabukē	ayidabukile, ayidabukē	engadabukile, engadabukē	ingadabukile, ingadabukē
Class 10	zidabukile, zidabukē	ezidabukile, ezidabukē	zidabukile, zidabukē	azidabukile, azidabukē	ezingadabukile, ezingadabukē	zingadabukile, zingadabukē
Class 11	ludabukile, ludabukē	oludabukile, oludabukē	ludabukile, ludabukē	aludabukile, aludabukē	olungadabukile, olungadabukē	lungadabukile, lungadabukē
Class 14	budabukile, budabukē	obudabukile, obudabukē	budabukile, budabukē	abudabukile, abudabukē	obungadabukile, obungadabukē	bungadabukile, bungadabukē
Class 15	kudabukile, kudabukē	okudabukile, okudabukē	kudabukile, kudabukē	akudabukile, akudabukē	okungadabukile, okungadabukē	kungadabukile, kungadabukē
Class 17	kudabukile, kudabukē	okudabukile, okudabukē	kudabukile, kudabukē	akudabukile, akudabukē	okungadabukile, okungadabukē	kungadabukile, kungadabukē
	Present
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyadabuka, ngidabuka	engidabukayo, engidabuka	ngidabuka	angidabuki	engingadabuki	ngingadabuki
2nd singular	uyadabuka, udabuka	odabukayo, odabuka	udabuka	awudabuki	ongadabuki	ungadabuki
1st plural	siyadabuka, sidabuka	esidabukayo, esidabuka	sidabuka	asidabuki	esingadabuki	singadabuki
2nd plural	niyadabuka, nidabuka	enidabukayo, enidabuka	nidabuka	anidabuki	eningadabuki	ningadabuki
Class 1	uyadabuka, udabuka	odabukayo, odabuka	edabuka	akadabuki	ongadabuki	engadabuki
Class 2	bayadabuka, badabuka	abadabukayo, abadabuka	bedabuka	abadabuki	abangadabuki	bengadabuki
Class 3	uyadabuka, udabuka	odabukayo, odabuka	udabuka	awudabuki	ongadabuki	ungadabuki
Class 4	iyadabuka, idabuka	edabukayo, edabuka	idabuka	ayidabuki	engadabuki	ingadabuki
Class 5	liyadabuka, lidabuka	elidabukayo, elidabuka	lidabuka	alidabuki	elingadabuki	lingadabuki
Class 6	ayadabuka, adabuka	adabukayo, adabuka	edabuka	awadabuki	angadabuki	engadabuki
Class 7	siyadabuka, sidabuka	esidabukayo, esidabuka	sidabuka	asidabuki	esingadabuki	singadabuki
Class 8	ziyadabuka, zidabuka	ezidabukayo, ezidabuka	zidabuka	azidabuki	ezingadabuki	zingadabuki
Class 9	iyadabuka, idabuka	edabukayo, edabuka	idabuka	ayidabuki	engadabuki	ingadabuki
Class 10	ziyadabuka, zidabuka	ezidabukayo, ezidabuka	zidabuka	azidabuki	ezingadabuki	zingadabuki
Class 11	luyadabuka, ludabuka	oludabukayo, oludabuka	ludabuka	aludabuki	olungadabuki	lungadabuki
Class 14	buyadabuka, budabuka	obudabukayo, obudabuka	budabuka	abudabuki	obungadabuki	bungadabuki
Class 15	kuyadabuka, kudabuka	okudabukayo, okudabuka	kudabuka	akudabuki	okungadabuki	kungadabuki
Class 17	kuyadabuka, kudabuka	okudabukayo, okudabuka	kudabuka	akudabuki	okungadabuki	kungadabuki
	Recent past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngidabukile, ngidabukē	engidabukile, engidabukē	ngidabukile, ngidabukē	angidabukanga	engingadabukanga	ngingadabukanga
2nd singular	udabukile, udabukē	odabukile, odabukē	udabukile, udabukē	awudabukanga	ongadabukanga	ungadabukanga
1st plural	sidabukile, sidabukē	esidabukile, esidabukē	sidabukile, sidabukē	asidabukanga	esingadabukanga	singadabukanga
2nd plural	nidabukile, nidabukē	enidabukile, enidabukē	nidabukile, nidabukē	anidabukanga	eningadabukanga	ningadabukanga
Class 1	udabukile, udabukē	odabukile, odabukē	edabukile, edabukē	akadabukanga	ongadabukanga	engadabukanga
Class 2	badabukile, badabukē	abadabukile, abadabukē	bedabukile, bedabukē	abadabukanga	abangadabukanga	bengadabukanga
Class 3	udabukile, udabukē	odabukile, odabukē	udabukile, udabukē	awudabukanga	ongadabukanga	ungadabukanga
Class 4	idabukile, idabukē	edabukile, edabukē	idabukile, idabukē	ayidabukanga	engadabukanga	ingadabukanga
Class 5	lidabukile, lidabukē	elidabukile, elidabukē	lidabukile, lidabukē	alidabukanga	elingadabukanga	lingadabukanga
Class 6	adabukile, adabukē	adabukile, adabukē	edabukile, edabukē	awadabukanga	angadabukanga	engadabukanga
Class 7	sidabukile, sidabukē	esidabukile, esidabukē	sidabukile, sidabukē	asidabukanga	esingadabukanga	singadabukanga
Class 8	zidabukile, zidabukē	ezidabukile, ezidabukē	zidabukile, zidabukē	azidabukanga	ezingadabukanga	zingadabukanga
Class 9	idabukile, idabukē	edabukile, edabukē	idabukile, idabukē	ayidabukanga	engadabukanga	ingadabukanga
Class 10	zidabukile, zidabukē	ezidabukile, ezidabukē	zidabukile, zidabukē	azidabukanga	ezingadabukanga	zingadabukanga
Class 11	ludabukile, ludabukē	oludabukile, oludabukē	ludabukile, ludabukē	aludabukanga	olungadabukanga	lungadabukanga
Class 14	budabukile, budabukē	obudabukile, obudabukē	budabukile, budabukē	abudabukanga	obungadabukanga	bungadabukanga
Class 15	kudabukile, kudabukē	okudabukile, okudabukē	kudabukile, kudabukē	akudabukanga	okungadabukanga	kungadabukanga
Class 17	kudabukile, kudabukē	okudabukile, okudabukē	kudabukile, kudabukē	akudabukanga	okungadabukanga	kungadabukanga
	Remote past
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngādabuka	engādabuka	ngādabuka	angidabukanga	engingadabukanga	ngingadabukanga
2nd singular	wādabuka	owādabuka	wādabuka	awudabukanga	ongadabukanga	ungadabukanga
1st plural	sādabuka	esādabuka	sādabuka	asidabukanga	esingadabukanga	singadabukanga
2nd plural	nādabuka	enādabuka	nādabuka	anidabukanga	eningadabukanga	ningadabukanga
Class 1	wādabuka	owādabuka	ādabuka	akadabukanga	ongadabukanga	engadabukanga
Class 2	bādabuka	abādabuka	bādabuka	abadabukanga	abangadabukanga	bengadabukanga
Class 3	wādabuka	owādabuka	wādabuka	awudabukanga	ongadabukanga	ungadabukanga
Class 4	yādabuka	eyādabuka	yādabuka	ayidabukanga	engadabukanga	ingadabukanga
Class 5	lādabuka	elādabuka	lādabuka	alidabukanga	elingadabukanga	lingadabukanga
Class 6	ādabuka	ādabuka	ādabuka	awadabukanga	angadabukanga	engadabukanga
Class 7	sādabuka	esādabuka	sādabuka	asidabukanga	esingadabukanga	singadabukanga
Class 8	zādabuka	ezādabuka	zādabuka	azidabukanga	ezingadabukanga	zingadabukanga
Class 9	yādabuka	eyādabuka	yādabuka	ayidabukanga	engadabukanga	ingadabukanga
Class 10	zādabuka	ezādabuka	zādabuka	azidabukanga	ezingadabukanga	zingadabukanga
Class 11	lwādabuka	olwādabuka	lwādabuka	aludabukanga	olungadabukanga	lungadabukanga
Class 14	bādabuka	obādabuka	bādabuka	abudabukanga	obungadabukanga	bungadabukanga
Class 15	kwādabuka	okwādabuka	kwādabuka	akudabukanga	okungadabukanga	kungadabukanga
Class 17	kwādabuka	okwādabuka	kwādabuka	akudabukanga	okungadabukanga	kungadabukanga
	Potential
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngingadabuka	—	ngingadabuka	ngingedabuke	—	ngingedabuke
2nd singular	ungadabuka	—	ungadabuka	ungedabuke	—	ungedabuke
1st plural	singadabuka	—	singadabuka	singedabuke	—	singedabuke
2nd plural	ningadabuka	—	ningadabuka	ningedabuke	—	ningedabuke
Class 1	angadabuka	—	engadabuka	angedabuke	—	engedabuke
Class 2	bangadabuka	—	bengadabuka	bangedabuke	—	bengedabuke
Class 3	ungadabuka	—	ungadabuka	ungedabuke	—	ungedabuke
Class 4	ingadabuka	—	ingadabuka	ingedabuke	—	ingedabuke
Class 5	lingadabuka	—	lingadabuka	lingedabuke	—	lingedabuke
Class 6	angadabuka	—	engadabuka	angedabuke	—	engedabuke
Class 7	singadabuka	—	singadabuka	singedabuke	—	singedabuke
Class 8	zingadabuka	—	zingadabuka	zingedabuke	—	zingedabuke
Class 9	ingadabuka	—	ingadabuka	ingedabuke	—	ingedabuke
Class 10	zingadabuka	—	zingadabuka	zingedabuke	—	zingedabuke
Class 11	lungadabuka	—	lungadabuka	lungedabuke	—	lungedabuke
Class 14	bungadabuka	—	bungadabuka	bungedabuke	—	bungedabuke
Class 15	kungadabuka	—	kungadabuka	kungedabuke	—	kungedabuke
Class 17	kungadabuka	—	kungadabuka	kungedabuke	—	kungedabuke
	Immediate future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngizodabuka	engizodabuka	ngizodabuka	angizudabuka	engingezudabuka	ngingezudabuka
2nd singular	uzodabuka	ozodabuka	uzodabuka	awuzudabuka	ongezudabuka	ungezudabuka
1st plural	sizodabuka	esizodabuka	sizodabuka	asizudabuka	esingezudabuka	singezudabuka
2nd plural	nizodabuka	enizodabuka	nizodabuka	anizudabuka	eningezudabuka	ningezudabuka
Class 1	uzodabuka	ozodabuka	ezodabuka	akazudabuka	ongezudabuka	engezudabuka
Class 2	bazodabuka	abazodabuka	bezodabuka	abazudabuka	abangezudabuka	bengezudabuka
Class 3	uzodabuka	ozodabuka	uzodabuka	awuzudabuka	ongezudabuka	ungezudabuka
Class 4	izodabuka	ezodabuka	izodabuka	ayizudabuka	engezudabuka	ingezudabuka
Class 5	lizodabuka	elizodabuka	lizodabuka	alizudabuka	elingezudabuka	lingezudabuka
Class 6	azodabuka	azodabuka	ezodabuka	awazudabuka	angezudabuka	engezudabuka
Class 7	sizodabuka	esizodabuka	sizodabuka	asizudabuka	esingezudabuka	singezudabuka
Class 8	zizodabuka	ezizodabuka	zizodabuka	azizudabuka	ezingezudabuka	zingezudabuka
Class 9	izodabuka	ezodabuka	izodabuka	ayizudabuka	engezudabuka	ingezudabuka
Class 10	zizodabuka	ezizodabuka	zizodabuka	azizudabuka	ezingezudabuka	zingezudabuka
Class 11	luzodabuka	oluzodabuka	luzodabuka	aluzudabuka	olungezudabuka	lungezudabuka
Class 14	buzodabuka	obuzodabuka	buzodabuka	abuzudabuka	obungezudabuka	bungezudabuka
Class 15	kuzodabuka	okuzodabuka	kuzodabuka	akuzudabuka	okungezudabuka	kungezudabuka
Class 17	kuzodabuka	okuzodabuka	kuzodabuka	akuzudabuka	okungezudabuka	kungezudabuka
	Remote future
	Positive absolute	Positive relative	Positive participial	Negative absolute	Negative relative	Negative participial
1st singular	ngiyodabuka	engiyodabuka	ngiyodabuka	angiyudabuka	engingeyudabuka	ngingeyudabuka
2nd singular	uyodabuka	oyodabuka	uyodabuka	awuyudabuka	ongeyudabuka	ungeyudabuka
1st plural	siyodabuka	esiyodabuka	siyodabuka	asiyudabuka	esingeyudabuka	singeyudabuka
2nd plural	niyodabuka	eniyodabuka	niyodabuka	aniyudabuka	eningeyudabuka	ningeyudabuka
Class 1	uyodabuka	oyodabuka	eyodabuka	akayudabuka	ongeyudabuka	engeyudabuka
Class 2	bayodabuka	abayodabuka	beyodabuka	abayudabuka	abangeyudabuka	bengeyudabuka
Class 3	uyodabuka	oyodabuka	uyodabuka	awuyudabuka	ongeyudabuka	ungeyudabuka
Class 4	iyodabuka	eyodabuka	iyodabuka	ayiyudabuka	engeyudabuka	ingeyudabuka
Class 5	liyodabuka	eliyodabuka	liyodabuka	aliyudabuka	elingeyudabuka	lingeyudabuka
Class 6	ayodabuka	ayodabuka	eyodabuka	awayudabuka	angeyudabuka	engeyudabuka
Class 7	siyodabuka	esiyodabuka	siyodabuka	asiyudabuka	esingeyudabuka	singeyudabuka
Class 8	ziyodabuka	eziyodabuka	ziyodabuka	aziyudabuka	ezingeyudabuka	zingeyudabuka
Class 9	iyodabuka	eyodabuka	iyodabuka	ayiyudabuka	engeyudabuka	ingeyudabuka
Class 10	ziyodabuka	eziyodabuka	ziyodabuka	aziyudabuka	ezingeyudabuka	zingeyudabuka
Class 11	luyodabuka	oluyodabuka	luyodabuka	aluyudabuka	olungeyudabuka	lungeyudabuka
Class 14	buyodabuka	obuyodabuka	buyodabuka	abuyudabuka	obungeyudabuka	bungeyudabuka
Class 15	kuyodabuka	okuyodabuka	kuyodabuka	akuyudabuka	okungeyudabuka	kungeyudabuka
Class 17	kuyodabuka	okuyodabuka	kuyodabuka	akuyudabuka	okungeyudabuka	kungeyudabuka
	Present subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngidabuke	ngingadabuki
2nd singular	udabuke	ungadabuki
1st plural	sidabuke	singadabuki
2nd plural	nidabuke	ningadabuki
Class 1	adabuke	angadabuki
Class 2	badabuke	bangadabuki
Class 3	udabuke	ungadabuki
Class 4	idabuke	ingadabuki
Class 5	lidabuke	lingadabuki
Class 6	adabuke	angadabuki
Class 7	sidabuke	singadabuki
Class 8	zidabuke	zingadabuki
Class 9	idabuke	ingadabuki
Class 10	zidabuke	zingadabuki
Class 11	ludabuke	lungadabuki
Class 14	budabuke	bungadabuki
Class 15	kudabuke	kungadabuki
Class 17	kudabuke	kungadabuki
	Past subjunctive
	Positive	Negative
1st singular	ngadabuka	ngangadabuka, angadabuka, angangadabuka
2nd singular	wadabuka	wangadabuka, awadabuka, awangadabuka
1st plural	sadabuka	sangadabuka, asadabuka, asangadabuka
2nd plural	nadabuka	nangadabuka, anadabuka, anangadabuka
Class 1	wadabuka	wangadabuka, akadabuka, akangadabuka
Class 2	badabuka	bangadabuka, abadabuka, abangadabuka
Class 3	wadabuka	wangadabuka, awadabuka, awangadabuka
Class 4	yadabuka	yangadabuka, ayadabuka, ayangadabuka
Class 5	ladabuka	langadabuka, aladabuka, alangadabuka
Class 6	adabuka	angadabuka, awadabuka, awangadabuka
Class 7	sadabuka	sangadabuka, asadabuka, asangadabuka
Class 8	zadabuka	zangadabuka, azadabuka, azangadabuka
Class 9	yadabuka	yangadabuka, ayadabuka, ayangadabuka
Class 10	zadabuka	zangadabuka, azadabuka, azangadabuka
Class 11	lwadabuka	lwangadabuka, alwadabuka, alwangadabuka
Class 14	badabuka	bangadabuka, abadabuka, abangadabuka
Class 15	kwadabuka	kwangadabuka, akwadabuka, akwangadabuka
Class 17	kwadabuka	kwangadabuka, akwadabuka, akwangadabuka

References

• C. M. Doke, B. W. Vilakazi (1972) “daɓuka”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “daɓuka (3.2.9)”