dukkha

English

Alternative forms

• duhkha

Etymology

Transliteration of Pali dukkha.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdʊkə/, /ˈdukə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Noun

dukkha (countable and uncountable, plural dukkhas)

1. (Buddhism) The three main types of pain, suffering, or stress: physical and mental, impermanence, and conditioned states. One of the three marks of existence.

Translations

suffering

• Bengali: দুঃখ (bn) (dukkho)
• Burmese: ဒုက္ခ (my) (dukhka.)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 苦 (zh) (kǔ)

• Finnish: tyydyttämättömyys, dukkha
• French: dukkha m
• Hindi: दुःख (hi) m (duḥkh)
• Indonesian: duka (id)
• Japanese: 苦 (ja) (く, ku)
• Khmer: ទុក្ខ (km) (tuk)
• Korean: 고(苦) (ko) (go)
• Lao: ທຸກ (thuk)
• Malay: duka (ms)
• Marathi: दुःख (duḥkha)
• Mongolian: зовлон (mn) (zovlon)
• Pali: dukkha n
• Russian: ду́ккха f (dúkkxa), ду́хкха f (dúxkxa)
• Sanskrit: दुःख (sa) n (duḥkha)
• Shan: တုၵ်ႉၶႃႉ (tṵ̂k khâ̰a)
• Sinhalese: දුක්ඛ (si) (dukkha)
• Spanish: please add this translation if you can
• Thai: ทุกข์ (th) (túk)
• Tibetan: སྡུག་བསྔལ (sdug bsngal)
• Vietnamese: khổ (vi) (苦 (vi))

Anagrams

• dukkah

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀤𑀼𑀓𑁆𑀔 (Brahmi script)
• दुक्ख (Devanagari script)
• দুক্খ (Bengali script)
• දුක‍්ඛ (Sinhalese script)
• ဒုက္ခ or ၻုၵ္ၶ or ၻုၵ်ၶ (Burmese script)
• ทุกฺข or ทุกขะ (Thai script)
• ᨴᩩᨠ᩠ᨡ (Tai Tham script)
• ທຸກ຺ຂ or ທຸກຂະ (Lao script)
• ទុក្ខ (Khmer script)
• 𑄘𑄪𑄇𑄴𑄈 (Chakma script)

Etymology

From Sanskrit दुःख (duḥkha).

Noun

dukkha n

1. (Buddhism) suffering, discontent, dissatisfaction

Declension

Declension table of "dukkha" (neuter)

Case / Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	dukkhaṃ	dukkhāni
Accusative (second)	dukkhaṃ	dukkhāni
Instrumental (third)	dukkhena	dukkhehi or dukkhebhi
Dative (fourth)	dukkhassa or dukkhāya or dukkhatthaṃ	dukkhānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	dukkhasmā or dukkhamhā or dukkhā	dukkhehi or dukkhebhi
Genitive (sixth)	dukkhassa	dukkhānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	dukkhasmiṃ or dukkhamhi or dukkhe	dukkhesu
Vocative (calling)	dukkha	dukkhāni

Descendants

• → Burmese: ဒုက္ခ (dukhka.)
• → English: dukkha
• → Khmer: ទុក្ខ (tuk)
• → Lao: ທຸກ (thuk)
• → Malay: duka
• → Northern Thai: ᨴᩩᨠ᩠ᨡ᩺
• → Shan: တုၵ်ႉၶႃႉ (tṵ̂k khâ̰a)
• → Tagalog: dukhâ
• → Thai: ทุกข์ (túk)

Further reading

• Pali Text Society (1921–1925), “dukkha”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead