दुःख

See also: दूःख, देखो, दाख, देख, देखि, दुखी, and दुःखी

Hindi

Alternative forms

• दुख (dukh)

Etymology

From Sanskrit दुःख (duḥkha).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪ʊkʰ/
• (extremely formal, especially in religious contexts) IPA^(key): /d̪ʊʰkʰ/, /d̪ʊʰ.kʰə/

Noun

दुःख • (duḥkh) m (Urdu spelling دکھ‎)

1. sorrow, grief, sadness

   अपना दुःख मित्र के साथ बाँटना चाहिए।

   apnā duḥkh mitra ke sāth bā̃ṭnā cāhie.

   You should share your sorrows with friends.

   Synonyms: ग़म (ġam), उदासी (udāsī)

2. suffering, distress

   उसने जीवन में बहुत दुःख उठाया।

   usne jīvan mẽ bahut duḥkh uṭhāyā.

   He has endured much suffering in his life.

   Synonym: कष्ट (kaṣṭ)

   Antonym: सुख (sukh)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989), “दुःख”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons

---

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

• दुक्ष (dukṣa)
• दुᳵख (duxkha)

Etymology

Probably reborrowed from a Prakrit form of earlier दुःस्थ (duḥstha, “poor”), from दुस्- (dus-, “bad”) +‎ स्था (sthā, “to stand”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /d̪uh.kʰɐ́/, [d̪ux.kʰɐ́]
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈd̪uh.kʰɐ/

Noun

दुःख • (duḥkhá) n

1. sorrow, distress, suffering, grief, misery, uneasiness, pain

Descendants

• Assamese: দুখ (dukh)
• → Bengali: দুঃখ (duk'kho)
• → Bikol Central: dukha
• → Hindi: दुःख (duḥkh)
• → Pali: dukkha
  • → Malay: duka
  • → Burmese: ဒုက္ခ (dukhka.)
  • → English: dukkha
  • → Thai: ทุกข์ (túk)
  • → Khmer: ទុក្ខ (tuk)
• → Tagalog: dukha

Adjective

दुःख • (duḥkhá)

1. painful, uncomfortable, uneasy, difficult