eduki

Basque

Alternative forms

• euki, Biscayan

Etymology

From *edun (“to have”) +‎ -ki, from the Proto-Basque root *-dun-. The adjective and noun senses are derived from the verb.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eduki/ [e.ð̞u.ki]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uki, -i
• Hyphenation: e‧du‧ki

Verb

eduki du (imperfect participle edukitzen, future participle edukiko, short form eduki, verbal noun edukitze)

1. to support, sustain
2. to keep
3. (Southern) to have, possess

   Synonyms: izan (Southern), ukan (Northern)

4. [with partitive] to take for
5. to believe, think
6. [with comitative] to stay true, remain faithful

Conjugation

Conjugation of eduki (NOR-NORK paradigm)

Expand all forms		NORK (ergative)							NOR (absolutive)
		1st sg	2nd sg fam.	3rd sg	1st pl	2nd sg	2nd pl	3rd pl
Mood / Tense		nik	hik	hark	guk	zuk	zuek	haiek
Indicative	Indicative
		Present	―	naukak/n	nauka	―	naukazu	naukazue	naukate	ni	1st sg
			haukat	―	hauka	haukagu	―	―	haukate	hi	2nd sg fam.
			Present	daukat	daukak/n	dauka	daukagu	daukazu	daukazue	daukate	hura	3rd sg
			―	gauzkak/n	gauzka	―	gauzkazu	gauzkazue	gauzkate	gu	1st pl
			zauzkat	―	zauzka	zauzkagu	―	―	zauzkate	zu	2nd sg
zauzkatet			―	zauzkate	zauzkategu	―	―	zauzkate(te)	zuek	2nd pl
dauzkat			dauzkak/n	dauzka	dauzkagu	dauzkazu	dauzkazue	dauzkate	haiek	3rd pl
Past		―	nindukaan/nan	nindukan	―	nindukazun	nindukazuen	nindukaten	ni	1st sg
		hindukadan	―	hindukan	hindukagun	―	―	hindukaten	hi	2nd sg fam.
		Past	neukan	heukan	zeukan	geneukan	zeneukan	zeneukaten	zeukaten	hura	3rd sg
		―	ginduzkaan/nan	ginduzkan	―	ginduzkazun	ginduzkazuen	ginduzkaten	gu	1st pl
		zinduzkadan	―	zinduzkan	zinduzkagun	―	―	zinduzkaten	zu	2nd sg
		zinduzkatedan	―	zinduzkaten	zinduzkategun	―	―	zinduzkate(te)n	zuek	2nd pl
		neuzkan	heuzkan	zeuzkan	geneuzkan	zeneuzkan	zeneuzkaten	zeuzkaten	haiek	3rd pl
Conditional		―	banindukak/n	baninduka	―	banindukazu	banindukazue	banindukate	ni	1st sg
		bahindukat	―	bahinduka	bahindukagu	―	―	bahindukate	hi	2nd sg fam.
		Conditional	baneuka	baheuka	baleuka	bageneuka	bazeneuka	bazeneukate	baleukate	hura	3rd sg
		―	baginduzkak/n	baginduzka	―	baginduzkazu	baginduzkazue	baginduzkate	gu	1st pl
		bazinduzkat	―	bazinduzka	bazinduzkagu	―	―	bazinduzkate	zu	2nd sg
		bazinduzkatet	―	bazinduzkate	bazinduzkategu	―	―	bazinduzkate(te)	zuek	2nd pl
		baneuzka	baheuzka	baleuzka	bageneuzka	bazeneuzka	bazeneuzkate	baleuzkate	haiek	3rd pl
Hypothetic cons.		―	nindukakek/n	nindukake	―	nindukakezu	nindukakezue	nindukakete	ni	1st sg
		hindukaket	―	hindukake	hindukakegu	―	―	hindukakete	hi	2nd sg fam.
		Hypothetic cons.	neukake	heukake	leukake	geneukake	zeneukake	zeneukakete	leukakete	hura	3rd sg
		―	ginduzkakek/n	ginduzkake	―	ginduzkakezu	ginduzkakezue	ginduzkakete	gu	1st pl
		zinduzkaket	―	zinduzkake	zinduzkakegu	―	―	zinduzkakete	zu	2nd sg
		zinduzkaketet	―	zinduzkakete	zinduzkaketegu	―	―	zinduzkakete(te)	zuek	2nd pl
		neuzkake	heuzkake	leuzkake	geneuzkake	zeneuzkake	zeneuzkakete	leuzkakete	haiek	3rd pl
Past cons.		―
Potential	Potential
		Present	―
		Hypothetic	―
		Past	―
Subjunctive	Subjunctive
		Present	―
		Past	―
Imperative	Imperative
		Present	―	―	―	―	―	―	―	ni	1st sg
―			―	―	―	―	―	―	hi	2nd sg fam.
Present			―	eukak/n	beuka	―	eukazu	eukazue	beukate	hura	3rd sg
―			―	―	―	―	―	―	gu	1st pl
―			―	―	―	―	―	―	zu	2nd sg
―			―	―	―	―	―	―	zuek	2nd pl
―			euzkak/n	beuzka	―	euzkazu	euzkazue	beuzkate	haiek	3rd pl

Conjugation of eduki (NOR-NORK allocutive paradigm)

Expand all forms		NORK (ergative)				NOR (absolutive)
		1st sg	3rd sg	1st pl	3rd pl
Mood / Tense		nik	hark	guk	haiek
Indicative	Indicative
		Present	―	naukak/n	―	naukatek/n	ni	1st sg
			Present	zaukaat/nat zeukaat/nat	zaukak/n zeukak/n	zaukaagu/nagu zeukaagu/nagu	zaukatek/n zeukatek/n	hura	3rd sg
			―	gauzkak/n	―	gauzkatek/n	gu	1st pl
			zauzkaat/nat zeuzkaat/nat	zauzkak/n zeuzkak/n	zauzkaagu/nagu zeuzkaagu/nagu	zauzkatek/n zeuzkatek/n	haiek	3rd pl
Past		―	nindukaan/nan	―	nindukatean/nan	ni	1st sg
		Past	neukaan/nan	zeukaan/nan	geneukaan/nan	zeukatean/nan	hura	3rd sg
		―	ginduzkaan/nan	―	ginduzkatean/nan	gu	1st pl
		neuzkaan/nan	zeuzkaan/nan	geneuzkaan/nan	zeuzkatean/nan	haiek	3rd pl
Hypothetic cons.		―	nindukakek/n	―	nindukaketek/n	ni	1st sg
		Hypothetic cons.	neukakek/n	leukakek/n	geneukakek/n	leukaketek/n	hura	3rd sg
		―	ginduzkakek/n	―	ginduzkaketek/n	gu	1st pl
		neuzkakek/n	leuzkakek/n	geneuzkakek/n	leuzkaketek/n	haiek	3rd pl
Past cons.		―
Potential	Potential
		Present	―

Derived terms

• edukitzaile (“owner”)

Adjective

eduki (comparative edukiago, superlative edukien, excessive edukiegi)

1. rich
2. stingy, cheap

Declension

Declension of eduki (adjective V-stem)

		indefinite	singular	plural	proximal plural
absolutive		eduki	edukia	edukiak	edukiok
ergative		edukik	edukiak	edukiek	edukiok
dative		edukiri	edukiari	edukiei	edukioi
genitive		edukiren	edukiaren	edukien	edukion
comitative		edukirekin	edukiarekin	edukiekin	edukiokin
causative		edukirengatik	edukiarengatik	edukiengatik	edukiongatik
benefactive		edukirentzat	edukiarentzat	edukientzat	edukiontzat
instrumental		edukiz	edukiaz	edukiez	edukiotaz
inessive	anim.	edukirengan	edukiarengan	edukiengan	edukiongan
	inan.	edukitan	edukian	edukietan	edukiotan
locative	anim.	—	—	—	—
	inan.	edukitako	edukiko	edukietako	edukiotako
allative	anim.	edukirengana	edukiarengana	edukiengana	edukiongana
	inan.	edukitara	edukira	edukietara	edukiotara
terminative	anim.	edukirenganaino	edukiarenganaino	edukienganaino	edukionganaino
	inan.	edukitaraino	edukiraino	edukietaraino	edukiotaraino
directive	anim.	edukirenganantz	edukiarenganantz	edukienganantz	edukionganantz
	inan.	edukitarantz	edukirantz	edukietarantz	edukiotarantz
destinative	anim.	edukirenganako	edukiarenganako	edukienganako	edukionganako
	inan.	edukitarako	edukirako	edukietarako	edukiotarako
ablative	anim.	edukirengandik	edukiarengandik	edukiengandik	edukiongandik
	inan.	edukitatik	edukitik	edukietatik	edukiotatik
partitive		edukirik	—	—	—
prolative		edukitzat	—	—	—

Noun

eduki inan or anim

1. content, possession, goods
2. rich person
3. stingy, cheap person

Declension

Declension of eduki (anim/inan V-stem)

		indefinite	singular	plural	proximal plural
absolutive		eduki	edukia	edukiak	edukiok
ergative		edukik	edukiak	edukiek	edukiok
dative		edukiri	edukiari	edukiei	edukioi
genitive		edukiren	edukiaren	edukien	edukion
comitative		edukirekin	edukiarekin	edukiekin	edukiokin
causative		edukirengatik	edukiarengatik	edukiengatik	edukiongatik
benefactive		edukirentzat	edukiarentzat	edukientzat	edukiontzat
instrumental		edukiz	edukiaz	edukiez	edukiotaz
inessive	anim.	edukirengan	edukiarengan	edukiengan	edukiongan
	inan.	edukitan	edukian	edukietan	edukiotan
locative	anim.	—	—	—	—
	inan.	edukitako	edukiko	edukietako	edukiotako
allative	anim.	edukirengana	edukiarengana	edukiengana	edukiongana
	inan.	edukitara	edukira	edukietara	edukiotara
terminative	anim.	edukirenganaino	edukiarenganaino	edukienganaino	edukionganaino
	inan.	edukitaraino	edukiraino	edukietaraino	edukiotaraino
directive	anim.	edukirenganantz	edukiarenganantz	edukienganantz	edukionganantz
	inan.	edukitarantz	edukirantz	edukietarantz	edukiotarantz
destinative	anim.	edukirenganako	edukiarenganako	edukienganako	edukionganako
	inan.	edukitarako	edukirako	edukietarako	edukiotarako
ablative	anim.	edukirengandik	edukiarengandik	edukiengandik	edukiongandik
	inan.	edukitatik	edukitik	edukietatik	edukiotatik
partitive		edukirik	—	—	—
prolative		edukitzat	—	—	—

Derived terms

• edukiera (“capacity”)
• edukin (“content”)
• edukiontzi (“container”)
• edukitza (“possessions”)

Further reading

• “eduki”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
• “eduki”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Esperanto

Etymology

From French éduquer, English educate, Italian educare etc., all from Latin ēducō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /eˈduki/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uki
• Syllabification: e‧du‧ki

Verb

eduki (present edukas, past edukis, future edukos, conditional edukus, volitive eduku)

1. to educate
2. to bring up, to raise (children)

Conjugation

Conjugation of eduki

		present		past		future
		singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
tense		edukas		edukis		edukos
active participle		edukanta	edukantaj	edukinta	edukintaj	edukonta	edukontaj
	acc.	edukantan	edukantajn	edukintan	edukintajn	edukontan	edukontajn
passive participle		edukata	edukataj	edukita	edukitaj	edukota	edukotaj
	acc.	edukatan	edukatajn	edukitan	edukitajn	edukotan	edukotajn
nominal active participle		edukanto	edukantoj	edukinto	edukintoj	edukonto	edukontoj
	acc.	edukanton	edukantojn	edukinton	edukintojn	edukonton	edukontojn
nominal passive participle		edukato	edukatoj	edukito	edukitoj	edukoto	edukotoj
	acc.	edukaton	edukatojn	edukiton	edukitojn	edukoton	edukotojn
adverbial active participle		edukante		edukinte		edukonte
adverbial passive participle		edukate		edukite		edukote
		infinitive	eduki	imperative	eduku	conditional	edukus

Derived terms

• edukado (“education”)
• edukiĝi (“to be educated”)
• edukisto (“educator”)