endotome

English

Noun

endotome (plural endotomes)

1. (biology) The somite cells that eventually give rise to the endothelium.
   • 1962, Albert Breimer, Collected papers - Volume 1, page 64:

     The tegmens are indeed similar and the composition of the cups are about the same but the organisation of the arms of Thamnocrinus with pronounced endotome branching and completely fixed main arm trunk must have differed considerably from Stamnocrinus devonicus.

   • 2021, Jaap Diederik Van Buul, Stephan Huveneers, Mariona Graupera, Endothelial Dynamics in Health and Disease, page 75:

     Recently, lineage tracing somite cells using the Kaede protein and Cre/loxP technology revealed that a subset of somite cells termed endotome give rise to angioblasts that colonize the DA (Nguyen et al. 2014).

2. A medical instrument consisting of scissors with curved blades and long crossing handles, originally used for decapitating a fetus.
   • 1864, British and Foreign Medico-chirurgical Review - Volume 34, page 553:

     Having perforated, he then passes into the cranium an endotome, which consists of scissors having short curved, very strong blades, worked by long, powerful crossing handles, resembling Nägele's perforator;

   • 1867, Catalogue and Report of Obstetrical and Other Instruments, page 48:

     MATTEI'S ENDOTOME is a powerful instrument working on a scissors-joint; the shanks are double curved, so that by approximating the handles the curved blades can be brought together

   • 1887, Egbert Henry Grandin, Cyclopædia of Obstetrics and Gynecology, page 277:

     Mattei uses strong scissors which he calls endotomes; Lazarewitch uses an instrument which is at once a sector and a tractor.

3. A retractable blade that allows great control over the depth of an incision, used for myotomy and arthrotomy.
   • 1993, John N. Graber, Leonard S. Schultz, Joseph J. Pietrafitta, Laparoscopic Abdominal Surgery:

     The endotome is introduced through the left upper quadrant port; the blade advanced out of its sheath in its entirety.

   • 2005, Azad Najmaldin, Steven Rothenberg, David Crabbe, Operative Endoscopy and Endoscopic Surgery in Infants and Children, page 231:

     2.0–3.0 mm retractable myotomy knife (arthrotomy knife or sheathed knife: endotome).

   • 2017, Prem Puri, Newborn Surgery, page 551:

     Endotome or diathermy hook is placed through the right incision, and the pylorus is incised in its avascular plane from the prepyloric vein well into the gastric antrum (Figure 52.8).