endurer

English

Etymology

endure +‎ -er

Noun

endurer (plural endurers)

1. One who, or that which, endures or lasts.

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French

Etymology

From Old French endurer, andurer, from Latin indūrāre, present active infinitive of indūrō. According to the TLFi, it was a borrowing (semi-learned), however it was attested as early as 1050. Doublet of indurer, a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑ̃.dy.ʁe/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Homophones: endurai, enduré, endurée, endurées, endurés, endurez

Verb

endurer

1. (transitive) to endure

Conjugation

Conjugation of endurer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	endurer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	endurant /ɑ̃.dy.ʁɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		enduré /ɑ̃.dy.ʁe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	endure /ɑ̃.dyʁ/	endures /ɑ̃.dyʁ/	endure /ɑ̃.dyʁ/	endurons /ɑ̃.dy.ʁɔ̃/	endurez /ɑ̃.dy.ʁe/	endurent /ɑ̃.dyʁ/
	imperfect	endurais /ɑ̃.dy.ʁɛ/	endurais /ɑ̃.dy.ʁɛ/	endurait /ɑ̃.dy.ʁɛ/	endurions /ɑ̃.dy.ʁjɔ̃/	enduriez /ɑ̃.dy.ʁje/	enduraient /ɑ̃.dy.ʁɛ/
	past historic2	endurai /ɑ̃.dy.ʁe/	enduras /ɑ̃.dy.ʁa/	endura /ɑ̃.dy.ʁa/	endurâmes /ɑ̃.dy.ʁam/	endurâtes /ɑ̃.dy.ʁat/	endurèrent /ɑ̃.dy.ʁɛʁ/
	future	endurerai /ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁe/	endureras /ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁa/	endurera /ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁa/	endurerons /ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/	endurerez /ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁe/	endureront /ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	endurerais /ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/	endurerais /ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/	endurerait /ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/	endurerions /ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/	endureriez /ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁje/	endureraient /ɑ̃.dy.ʁə.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	endure /ɑ̃.dyʁ/	endures /ɑ̃.dyʁ/	endure /ɑ̃.dyʁ/	endurions /ɑ̃.dy.ʁjɔ̃/	enduriez /ɑ̃.dy.ʁje/	endurent /ɑ̃.dyʁ/
	imperfect2	endurasse /ɑ̃.dy.ʁas/	endurasses /ɑ̃.dy.ʁas/	endurât /ɑ̃.dy.ʁa/	endurassions /ɑ̃.dy.ʁa.sjɔ̃/	endurassiez /ɑ̃.dy.ʁa.sje/	endurassent /ɑ̃.dy.ʁas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	endure /ɑ̃.dyʁ/	—	endurons /ɑ̃.dy.ʁɔ̃/	endurez /ɑ̃.dy.ʁe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• endurance

Related terms

• durer

Further reading

• “endurer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Old French

Alternative forms

• andurer

Etymology

From Latin indūrāre, present active infinitive of indūrō.

Verb

endurer

1. to suffer; to endure; to undergo
   • circa 1150, Thomas d'Angleterre, Le Roman de Tristan, pages 90 (of the Champion Classiques edition, →ISBN, lines 789-90:

     U li haïr u li amer
     m'irt forte paine a endurer

     Whether I hate her or I love her
     there will be great pain for me to endure.

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of endurer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		endurer			avoir enduré
gerund		en endurant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		endurant
past participle		enduré
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	endur	endures	endure	endurons	endurez	endurent
	imperfect	enduroie, endureie, enduroe, endureve	enduroies, endureies, enduroes, endureves	enduroit, endureit, endurot, endureve	enduriiens, enduriens	enduriiez, enduriez	enduroient, endureient, enduroent, endurevent
	preterite	endurai	enduras	endura	endurames	endurastes	endurerent
	future	endurerai	endureras	endurera	endurerons	endureroiz, endurereiz, endurerez	endureront
	conditional	endureroie, endurereie	endureroies, endurereies	endureroit, endurereit	endureriiens, endureriens	endureriiez, endureriez	endureroient, endurereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	endur	endurs	endurt	endurons	endurez	endurent
	imperfect	endurasse	endurasses	endurast	endurissons, endurissiens	endurissoiz, endurissez, endurissiez	endurassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	endure	—	endurons	endurez	—

Descendants

• → English: endure
• French: endurer