envier

English

Etymology

Etymology tree

Old French enviebor.

Middle English envie

English envy

Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.

Proto-Italic *-āzijos

Latin -āriusnom.

Latin -āriusbor.

Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz

Proto-West Germanic *-ārī

Old English -ere

Middle English -ere

English -er

English envier

From envy + -er.

Noun

envier (plural enviers)

1. One who envies.
   • 1816, Francis Gibbon, The public characters of Europe, page 578:

     There was a period, when the enviers of Bernadotte, taking advantage of this kind of popularity which he had obtained, represented him to the Directory as a man dangerous to liberty […]

Translations

one who envies

• Belarusian: зайздроснік m (zajzdrósnik), зайздросніца f (zajzdrósnica)
• Finnish: kadehtija (fi)
• French: envieux (fr) m, envieuse (fr) f
• German: Neider (de) m, Neiderin f, Neidhart m (dated)
• Hungarian: please add this translation if you can
• Macedonian: зави́сливец m (zavíslivec), зависливка f (zavislivka), зави́дливец m (zavídlivec), завидливка f (zavidlivka), зи́лјар m (zíljar) (archaic), зи́лјарка f (zíljarka) (archaic)
• Polish: zawistnik m, zawistnica f, zazdrośnik (pl) m, zazdrośnica (pl) f
• Portuguese: please add this translation if you can
• Russian: зави́стник (ru) m (zavístnik), зави́стница (ru) f (zavístnica)
• Spanish: please add this translation if you can

Anagrams

• -verine, Nièvre, Vernie, veiner, venire, verine

French

Etymology

From envie.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑ̃.vje/

• Audio:

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• Audio (Switzerland (Valais)):

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• Audio (France (Vosges)):

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• Audio (France (Somain)):

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Verb

envier

1. (intransitive) to envy

Conjugation

Conjugation of envier (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	envier
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	enviant /ɑ̃.vjɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		envié /ɑ̃.vje/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	envie /ɑ̃.vi/	envies /ɑ̃.vi/	envie /ɑ̃.vi/	envions /ɑ̃.vjɔ̃/	enviez /ɑ̃.vje/	envient /ɑ̃.vi/
	imperfect	enviais /ɑ̃.vjɛ/	enviais /ɑ̃.vjɛ/	enviait /ɑ̃.vjɛ/	enviions /ɑ̃.vi.jɔ̃/	enviiez /ɑ̃.vi.je/	enviaient /ɑ̃.vjɛ/
	past historic2	enviai /ɑ̃.vje/	envias /ɑ̃.vja/	envia /ɑ̃.vja/	enviâmes /ɑ̃.vjam/	enviâtes /ɑ̃.vjat/	envièrent /ɑ̃.vjɛʁ/
	future	envierai /ɑ̃.vi.ʁe/	envieras /ɑ̃.vi.ʁa/	enviera /ɑ̃.vi.ʁa/	envierons /ɑ̃.vi.ʁɔ̃/	envierez /ɑ̃.vi.ʁe/	envieront /ɑ̃.vi.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	envierais /ɑ̃.vi.ʁɛ/	envierais /ɑ̃.vi.ʁɛ/	envierait /ɑ̃.vi.ʁɛ/	envierions /ɑ̃.vi.ʁjɔ̃/	envieriez /ɑ̃.vi.ʁje/	envieraient /ɑ̃.vi.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	envie /ɑ̃.vi/	envies /ɑ̃.vi/	envie /ɑ̃.vi/	enviions /ɑ̃.vi.jɔ̃/	enviiez /ɑ̃.vi.je/	envient /ɑ̃.vi/
	imperfect2	enviasse /ɑ̃.vjas/	enviasses /ɑ̃.vjas/	enviât /ɑ̃.vja/	enviassions /ɑ̃.vja.sjɔ̃/	enviassiez /ɑ̃.vja.sje/	enviassent /ɑ̃.vjas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	envie /ɑ̃.vi/	—	envions /ɑ̃.vjɔ̃/	enviez /ɑ̃.vje/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• envie

Further reading

• “envier”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Anagrams

• enivre, enivré
• vernie