erus

Latin

Alternative forms

• herus

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *ezos (“master”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁esh₂ós (“master”). Cognate with Hittite 𒅖𒄩𒀀𒀸 (“išhāš "master"”).

A connexion with heres (“heir”) and hirudo (“leech”) has also been proposed by Charlton Lewis and Charles Short, making its stem instead from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰeh₁ro- (“derelict”). Cognates would include Ancient Greek χήρα (khḗra, “widow”), Sanskrit हरति (harati, “to seize”) and हरण (haraṇa, “hand”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈe.rus/, [ˈɛrʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈe.rus/, [ˈɛːrus]

Noun

erus m (genitive erī); second declension

1. master of the house or family

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	erus	erī
Genitive	erī	erōrum
Dative	erō	erīs
Accusative	erum	erōs
Ablative	erō	erīs
Vocative	ere	erī

Synonyms

• dominus

Derived terms

• erīlis

References

• “erus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “erus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• erus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• erus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Jules Pokorny's Ingogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, p. 342