fonema

See also: fonéma

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma, “sound”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [fuˈnɛ.mə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [foˈne.mə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencian) [foˈne.ma]

Noun

fonema m (plural fonemes)

1. (phonetics) phoneme

Derived terms

• fonemàtic

Further reading

• “fonema” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “fonema”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
• “fonema” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
• “fonema” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Galician

Etymology

From Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma, “sound”).

Noun

fonema m (plural fonemas)

1. phoneme

Further reading

• “fonema” in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega, Royal Galician Academy.

Italian

Etymology

From Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma, “sound”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /foˈnɛ.ma/
• Rhymes: -ɛma
• Hyphenation: fo‧nè‧ma

Noun

fonema m (plural fonemi)

1. (linguistics) phoneme
   • 1894, Luigi Ceci, “Sulla questione della gutturale media labializzata nel latino”, in Rendiconti della Reale Accademia dei Lincei: classe di scienze morali, storiche e filologiche - Serie quinta, vol. Ⅲ‎^[1], Rome: Tipografia dell'Accademia, section 36, page 401:

     […] la etimologia che noi proponiamo ben ci dimostra l'italicità del fonema

     the etymology we propose well demonstrates the phoneme’s Italic quality

   • 1987, Romano Lazzeroni, chapter 2 (“Tipologia e dinamica del mutamento”), in Linguistica storica, Rome: Carocci Editore, section 2, page 17:

     Il fonema, pertanto, è una unità astratta che si manifesta mediante suoni concreti

     Therefore, the phoneme is an abstract unit manifesting itself through concrete sounds

Derived terms

• -ema
• fonematico

 

Related terms

• fonematica
• fonetica

 

Further reading

• fonema in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Lithuanian

Noun

fonema f (plural fonemos)

1. phoneme

Declension

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Lower Sorbian

Noun

fonema

1. inflection of fonem:
   1. genitive singular
   2. nominative dual
   3. accusative dual

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma, “sound”).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /foˈnẽ.mɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /foˈnẽ.mɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /foˈne.ma/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /fuˈne.mɐ/

• Rhymes: -emɐ
• Hyphenation: fo‧ne‧ma

Noun

fonema m (plural fonemas)

1. (phonetics) phoneme (indivisible unit of sound)

Related terms

• fonémico / fonêmico

Further reading

• “fonema” in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa.

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek φώνημα (phṓnēma, “sound”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /foˈnema/ [foˈne.ma]
• Rhymes: -ema
• Syllabification: fo‧ne‧ma

Noun

fonema m (plural fonemas)

1. (phonetics) phoneme

Derived terms

• fonemática
• fonemático

 

Related terms

• fonémico
• fonético

 

Further reading

• “fonema”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014