germanus

See also: Germanus and ģermāņus

Latin

Etymology

From germen (“sprout, bud”), perhaps for *germ(i)nānus. Not to be confused with the unrelated Germānus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɡɛrˈmaː.nʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [d͡ʒerˈmaː.nus]
• Homophone: Germānus

Adjective

germānus (feminine germāna, neuter germānum, adverb germānē); first/second-declension adjective

1. of brothers or sisters
2. full, own
3. true, natural, authentic
4. (poetic) denoting intimate friendship

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular				plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter		masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	germānus	germāna	germānum		germānī	germānae	germāna
genitive	germānī	germānae	germānī		germānōrum	germānārum	germānōrum
dative	germānō	germānae	germānō		germānīs
accusative	germānum	germānam	germānum		germānōs	germānās	germāna
ablative	germānō	germānā	germānō		germānīs
vocative	germāne	germāna	germānum		germānī	germānae	germāna

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: germano
• Borrowings:
  • → Old French: germain
    • French: germain
    • Norman: gèrmain
    • → English: germane, german
  • → Portuguese: germano

Noun

germānus m (genitive germānī, feminine germāna); second declension

1. brother

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	germānus	germānī
genitive	germānī	germānōrum
dative	germānō	germānīs
accusative	germānum	germānōs
ablative	germānō	germānīs
vocative	germāne	germānī

Synonyms

• frāter

Descendants

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Extremaduran: ermanu
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: irmão, yrmão, hermão, irmao
    • Galician: irmán, ermao, irmao, hermao (Eonavian)
    • Portuguese: irmão (see there for further descendants)
  • Old Leonese: ermano
    • Asturian: hermanu
    • Leonese: hermanu
    • Mirandese: armano
    • → Fala: hermanu
  • Old Navarro-Aragonese:
    • Aragonese: chermano, chirmano, chirmán
  • Old Spanish: ermano
    • Ladino: ermano
    • Spanish: hermano (see there for further descendants)
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: germà
• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Italian: germano
  • Venetan: zerman, xerman, đerman, darman, germàn
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: germanu, ghermanu, grammanu, zermanu
• Borrowings:
  • → Portuguese: germano
  • → Spanish: germán, germano

Related terms

• germāna
• germānē
• germānitās
• germānitus
• germen
• germinō

Further reading

• “germanus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “germanus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “germanus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “germanus”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
• Lewis & Short, A Latin Dictionary