giest

Old English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ji͜yst/

Etymology 1

From Proto-West Germanic *gasti.

Cognates

Cognate with Old Saxon gast, Middle Dutch gast (Dutch gast), Old High German gast (German Gast), Old Norse gestr (Swedish gäst), Gothic 𐌲𐌰𐍃𐍄𐍃 (gasts, “stranger”). The Indo-European root is also the source of Latin hostis (“enemy”), Old Church Slavonic ⰳⱁⱄⱅⱐ (gostĭ), гость (gostĭ) (Russian гость (gostʹ)) and Polish gość.

Alternative forms

• ġast, ġæst, ġest, ġist, ġyst

Noun

ġiest m (West Saxon)

1. stranger
2. guest
3. (poetic) enemy

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	ġiest	ġiestas
accusative	ġiest	ġiestas
genitive	ġiestes	ġiesta
dative	ġieste	ġiestum

Derived terms

• ġiestærn
• ġiesthof
• ġiesthūs
• ġiestian
• ġiestlīċ
• ġiestlīþe
• ġiestlīþnes
• ġiestmæġen
• ġiestsele
• gryreġiest

Descendants

• Middle English: yest

Etymology 2

From Proto-West Germanic *jestu. Cognate with Middle Dutch gest, gist (modern Dutch gist), Old Norse jǫstr (Swedish jäst).

Alternative forms

• ġist, ġyst

Noun

ġiest m (West Saxon)

1. yeast

Declension

Strong a-stem:

	singular	plural
nominative	ġiest	ġiestas
accusative	ġiest	ġiestas
genitive	ġiestes	ġiesta
dative	ġieste	ġiestum

Descendants

• Middle English: ȝest, ȝeste, ȝeest, yest, yeaste
  • English: yeast
  • Scots: yest