grád

See also: grad

Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡɾˠɑː/
• IPA^(key): /ɡɾˠæː/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish grád, borrowed from Latin gradus.

Noun

grád m (genitive singular gráid, nominative plural gráid)

1. grade; degree, class
2. (nautical) rating

Declension

Declension of grád

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative grád gráid Vocative a ghráid a ghráda Genitive gráid grád Dative grád gráid

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an grád na gráid Genitive an ghráid na ngrád Dative leis an ngrád don ghrád leis na gráid

Derived terms

• díghrádaigh (“degrade”, verb)
• grád gnó (“business class”)
• grád pá (“pay grade”)
• grádach (“graded”)
• grádaigh (“grade; rate, scale; graduate, calibrate”, verb)
• grádán (“grade, gradient”)
• íosghrádaigh (“downgrade”, verb)

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

grád

1. (dialectal) first-person singular present subjunctive of gráigh (“love”)

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
grád	ghrád	ngrád
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “grád”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “grád”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “grád”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024

---

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡraːð/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *gʷrādus.

Noun

grád n (genitive gráda, nominative plural grád)

1. love, affection, fondness, charity

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Derived terms

• grádaigidir

Descendants

• Irish: grá
• Manx: graih
• Scottish Gaelic: gràdh

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Latin gradus.

Noun

grád n (genitive gráid, nominative plural gráid)

1. grade, degree
2. rank, order

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
grád	grád pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/	ngrád
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 grád (‘grade, degree’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 grád (‘love, affection’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language