gypsum

English

Gypsum

Etymology

From Latin gypsum, from Ancient Greek γύψος (gúpsos). Doublet of gesso.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdʒɪpsəm/

Noun

gypsum (countable and uncountable, plural gypsums)

1. A mineral consisting of hydrated calcium sulphate. When calcined, it forms plaster of Paris.
   • 1980, Robert M. Jones, editor, Walls and Ceilings, Time-Life Books, →ISBN, page 7:

     Besides being abundant, gypsum is easily refined into a powder for plaster or formed into sheets of wallboard.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• gypcrete
• gypcrust
• gyprock

• gypsic
• gypsum board (panels)

Translations

mineral

• Armenian: գիպս (hy) (gips)
• Bulgarian: гипс m (gips)
• Catalan: guix (ca) m, parrell (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 石膏 (zh) (shígāo)

• Czech: sádrovec (cs) m
• Danish: gips (da) c
• Dutch: gips (nl) n
• Esperanto: gipso (eo)
• Estonian: kips
• Finnish: kipsi (fi)
• French: gypse (fr) m
• Galician: xeso (gl) m
• Georgian: თაბაშირი (tabaširi)
• German: Gips (de) m
• Greek: γύψος (el) m (gýpsos)

  Ancient: γύψος m (gúpsos)

• Hebrew: גבס (he) m (geves)
• Hindi: हरसौंठ (harsa͠uṭh), कुलनार (hi) m (kulnār)
• Hungarian: gipsz (hu)
• Icelandic: gifs (is) n
• Italian: gesso (it) m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Japanese: 石膏 (ja) (せっこう, sekkō)
• Korean: 석고 (ko) (seokgo)
• Lao: please add this translation if you can
• Latin: gypsum n
• Navajo: łeezh łigaaí
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: gips m

  Nynorsk: gips m

• Persian: گچ (fa) (gac)
• Polish: gips (pl) m
• Portuguese: gipsita (pt) f
• Russian: гипс (ru) m (gips)
• Spanish: yeso (es) m
• Swedish: gips (sv) c
• Tagalog: yeso (tl)
• Tamil: உறைகளிக்கல் (uṟaikaḷikkal)
• Thai: ยิปซัม (yíp-sâm), เกลือจืด (th) (glʉʉa-jʉ̀ʉt)
• Turkish: alçı (tr)
• Welsh: gypswm m, glyfaen m

Further reading

• David Barthelmy (1997–2024) “Gypsum”, in Webmineral Mineralogy Database.
• “gypsum”, in Mindat.org‎^[1], Hudson Institute of Mineralogy, 2000–2024.
• gypsum on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

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Latin

Etymology

Borrowed from Ancient Greek γύψος (gúpsos).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈɡyp.sum/, [ˈɡʏps̠ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈd͡ʒip.sum/, [ˈd͡ʒipsum]

Noun

gypsum n (genitive gypsī); second declension

1. gypsum
2. a plaster figure

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	gypsum	gypsa
Genitive	gypsī	gypsōrum
Dative	gypsō	gypsīs
Accusative	gypsum	gypsa
Ablative	gypsō	gypsīs
Vocative	gypsum	gypsa

Descendants

• Asturian: yelsu, xiz
• Catalan: guix
• Danish: gips
• Dutch: gips
• English: gypsum (borrowing), gesso
• French: gypse
• Friulian: ges
• Galician: xeso, xiz
• German: Gyps, Gips
• Italian: gesso

• Norwegian: gips
• Polish: gips
• Portuguese: giz, gesso, gipso (borrowing)
• Russian: гипс (gips)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic script: гипс

  Latin script: gips

• Sicilian: jissu, ghissu, gissu
• Spanish: gis, yeso
• Venetian: xeso, ges

References

• “gypsum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “gypsum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• gypsum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “gypsum”, in The Perseus Project (1999) Perseus Encyclopedia‎^[2]