hodina

Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech hodina, from Proto-Slavic *godina, from *godъ (“specific moment”). By surface analysis, hod +‎ -ina

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɦoɟɪna]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

hodina f (relational adjective hodinový, diminutive hodinka)

1. hour

   půl hodiny ― half an hour

2. o’clock

   Je jedna hodina. ― It's 1 o'clock.

   Jsou dvě hodiny. ― It's 2 o'clock.

   Je pět hodin. ― It's 5 o'clock.

3. lesson

   v hodině českého jazyka ― during a Czech lesson

Declension

Declension of hodina (hard feminine)

	singular	plural
nominative	hodina	hodiny
genitive	hodiny	hodin
dative	hodině	hodinám
accusative	hodinu	hodiny
vocative	hodino	hodiny
locative	hodině	hodinách
instrumental	hodinou	hodinami

Derived terms

• ampérhodina
• čtvrthodina
• hodinář
• hodinečka
• hodinka
• hodinky
• hodiny
• hoďka
• kilowatthodina
• normohodina
• půlhodina

Related terms

• hod
• hodit
• hodný

Descendants

• → Upper Sorbian: hodźina
  • → Lower Sorbian: góźina

Further reading

• “hodina”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “hodina”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
• “hodina”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech), 2008–2025

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *godina. By surface analysis, hod +‎ -ina.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈɣoɟina/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈɦoɟina/

Noun

hodina f

1. hour (season, moment, or time)
2. moment (short period of time)
3. o'clock
4. hour (time period of sixty minutes)
5. (biblical) one of the four parts of the night watch
6. shift (length of working time)
7. (in the plural, Roman Catholicism) hours (set times of prayer, the canonical hours, the offices or services prescribed for these, or a book containing them)
8. hour (right or correct moment for something)

Declension

Declension of hodina (hard a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	hodina	hodině	hodiny
genitive	hodiny	hodinú	hodin
dative	hodině	hodinama	hodinám
accusative	hodinu	hodině	hodiny
vocative	hodino	hodině	hodiny
locative	hodině	hodinú	hodinách
instrumental	hodinú	hodinama	hodinami

This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Descendants

• Czech: hodina
  • → Upper Sorbian: hodźina
    • → Lower Sorbian: góźina

References

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “hodina”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *godina, from *godъ (“specific moment”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɦɔɟina]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

hodina f (relational adjective hodinový, diminutive hodinka)

1. hour

   koľko je hodín? ― what time is it?

Declension

Declension of hodina
(pattern žena)

	singular	plural
nominative	hodina	hodiny
genitive	hodiny	hodín
dative	hodine	hodinám
accusative	hodinu	hodiny
locative	hodine	hodinách
instrumental	hodinou	hodinami

Derived terms

• hodinky f pl

Further reading

• “hodina”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2025