itkema
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Estonian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finnic *itkedäk. Cognate with Finnish itkeä.
Verb[edit]
itkema (da-infinitive itkeda)
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of itkema (ÕS type 28/õppima, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | itken | ei itke | 1st sing. | olen itkenud | ei ole itkenud pole itkenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | itked | 2nd sing. | oled itkenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | itkeb | 3rd sing. | on itkenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | itkeme | 1st plur. | oleme itkenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | itkete | 2nd plur. | olete itkenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | itkevad | 3rd plur. | on itkenud | ||||||
| passive | itketakse | ei itketa | passive | on itketud | ei ole itketud pole itketud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | itkesin | ei itkenud | 1st sing. | olin itkenud | ei olnud itkenud polnud itkenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | itkesid | 2nd sing. | olid itkenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | itkes | 3rd sing. | oli itkenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | itkesime | 1st plur. | olime itkenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | itkesite | 2nd plur. | olite itkenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | itkesid | 3rd plur. | oli itkenud | ||||||
| passive | itketi | ei itketud | passive | oli itketud | ei olnud itketud polnud itketud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | itkeksin | ei itkeks | 1st sing. | itkenuksin oleksin itkenud |
ei itkenuks ei oleks itkenud poleks itkenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | itkeksid | 2nd sing. | itkenuksid oleksid itkenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | itkeks | 3rd sing. | itkenuks oleks itkenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | itkeksime | 1st plur. | itkenuksime oleksime itkenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | itkeksite | 2nd plur. | itkenuksite oleksite itkenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | itkeksid | 3rd plur. | itkenuksid oleksid itkenud | ||||||
| passive | itketaks | ei itketaks | passive | oleks itketud | ei oleks itketud poleks itketud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | itke | ära itke | 2nd sing. | ole itkenud | ära ole itkenud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | itkegu | ärgu itkegu | 3rd sing. | olgu itkenud | ärgu olgu itkenud | ||||
| 1st plur. | itkegem | ärme itkeme ärme itke ärgem itkegem |
1st plur. | olgem itkenud | ärme oleme itkenud ärme ole itkenud ärgem olgem itkenud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | itkege | ärge itkege | 2nd plur. | olge itkenud | ärge olge itkenud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | itkegu | ärgu itkegu | 3rd plur. | olgu itkenud | ärgu olgu itkenud | ||||
| passive | itketagu | ärgu itketagu | passive | olgu itketud | ärgu olgu itketud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | itkevat | ei itkevat | active | olevat itkenud | ei olevat itkenud polevat itkenud | ||||
| passive | itketavat | ei itketavat | passive | olevat itketud | ei olevat itketud polevat itketud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | itkema | itketama | nominative | itkeda | olla itkenud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | itkedes | olles itkenud | |||||
| inessive | itkemas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | itkemast | present | itkev | itketav | |||||
| translative | itkemaks | past | itkenud | itketud | |||||
| abessive | itkemata | negative | itkematu | — | |||||
Conjugation of itkema (ÕS type 27/elama, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | itken | ei itke | 1st sing. | olen itkenud | ei ole itkenud pole itkenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | itked | 2nd sing. | oled itkenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | itkeb | 3rd sing. | on itkenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | itkeme | 1st plur. | oleme itkenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | itkete | 2nd plur. | olete itkenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | itkevad | 3rd plur. | on itkenud | ||||||
| passive | itketakse | ei itketa | passive | on itketud | ei ole itketud pole itketud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | itkesin | ei itkenud | 1st sing. | olin itkenud | ei olnud itkenud polnud itkenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | itkesid | 2nd sing. | olid itkenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | itkes | 3rd sing. | oli itkenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | itkesime | 1st plur. | olime itkenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | itkesite | 2nd plur. | olite itkenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | itkesid | 3rd plur. | oli itkenud | ||||||
| passive | itketi | ei itketud | passive | oli itketud | ei olnud itketud polnud itketud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | itkeksin | ei itkeks | 1st sing. | itkenuksin oleksin itkenud |
ei itkenuks ei oleks itkenud poleks itkenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | itkeksid | 2nd sing. | itkenuksid oleksid itkenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | itkeks | 3rd sing. | itkenuks oleks itkenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | itkeksime | 1st plur. | itkenuksime oleksime itkenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | itkeksite | 2nd plur. | itkenuksite oleksite itkenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | itkeksid | 3rd plur. | itkenuksid oleksid itkenud | ||||||
| passive | itketaks | ei itketaks | passive | oleks itketud | ei oleks itketud poleks itketud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | itke | ära itke | 2nd sing. | ole itkenud | ära ole itkenud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | itkegu | ärgu itkegu | 3rd sing. | olgu itkenud | ärgu olgu itkenud | ||||
| 1st plur. | itkegem | ärme itkeme ärme itke ärgem itkegem |
1st plur. | olgem itkenud | ärme oleme itkenud ärme ole itkenud ärgem olgem itkenud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | itkege | ärge itkege | 2nd plur. | olge itkenud | ärge olge itkenud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | itkegu | ärgu itkegu | 3rd plur. | olgu itkenud | ärgu olgu itkenud | ||||
| passive | itketagu | ärgu itketagu | passive | olgu itketud | ärgu olgu itketud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | itkevat | ei itkevat | active | olevat itkenud | ei olevat itkenud polevat itkenud | ||||
| passive | itketavat | ei itketavat | passive | olevat itketud | ei olevat itketud polevat itketud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | itkema | itketama | nominative | itkeda | olla itkenud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | itkedes | olles itkenud | |||||
| inessive | itkemas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | itkemast | present | itkev | itketav | |||||
| translative | itkemaks | past | itkenud | itketud | |||||
| abessive | itkemata | negative | itkematu | — | |||||