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Egyptian [ edit ] Pronunciation [ edit ] 3-lit.
( transitive ) bind (cattle ) for sacrifice [Middle Kingdom] Inflection [ edit ]
Conjugation of jꜣm (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jꜣm , geminated stem: jꜣmm
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
jꜣm jꜣmw , jꜣm jꜣmt jꜣm jꜣm
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
jꜣm ḥr jꜣm m jꜣm r jꜣm
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
jꜣm.n jꜣmw , jꜣm consecutive
jꜣm.jn active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
jꜣmt
perfective 3
jꜣm active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 obligative1
jꜣm.ḫr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
jꜣm active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
jꜣm jꜣmm potentialis1
jꜣm.kꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
jꜣm active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
jꜣm.n active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 —
—
perfective
jꜣm active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 jꜣm jꜣm , jꜣmw 5 , jꜣmy 5
imperfective
jꜣm , jꜣmy , jꜣmw 5 active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 jꜣm , jꜣmj 6 , jꜣmy 6 jꜣm , jꜣmw 5
prospective
jꜣm , jꜣmtj 7 —
jꜣmtj 4 , jꜣmt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f .fj .s .sj .sn .snj .sn
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
Alternative forms [ edit ]
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jꜣm
3-lit.
Alternative form of jmꜣ ( “ to be(come) kindly, friendly, or gracious ” ) Alternative forms [ edit ]
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jꜣm
2-lit.
Alternative form of ꜣm ( “ to burn ” ) References [ edit ] Erman, Adolf , Grapow, Hermann (1926 ) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache [1] →ISBN pages 31, 31.16 Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962 ) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian , Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN page 9
