jurer

French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French jurer, from Latin jūrāre, iūrāre, present active infinitive of iūrō (“swear or take an oath”), from Proto-Italic *jowezāō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʒy.ʁe/

• audio

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Verb

jurer

1. to swear; to promise by oath
2. to swear; to say a swear word

Conjugation

Conjugation of jurer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	jurer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	jurant /ʒy.ʁɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		juré /ʒy.ʁe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	jure /ʒyʁ/	jures /ʒyʁ/	jure /ʒyʁ/	jurons /ʒy.ʁɔ̃/	jurez /ʒy.ʁe/	jurent /ʒyʁ/
	imperfect	jurais /ʒy.ʁɛ/	jurais /ʒy.ʁɛ/	jurait /ʒy.ʁɛ/	jurions /ʒy.ʁjɔ̃/	juriez /ʒy.ʁje/	juraient /ʒy.ʁɛ/
	past historic2	jurai /ʒy.ʁe/	juras /ʒy.ʁa/	jura /ʒy.ʁa/	jurâmes /ʒy.ʁam/	jurâtes /ʒy.ʁat/	jurèrent /ʒy.ʁɛʁ/
	future	jurerai /ʒy.ʁə.ʁe/	jureras /ʒy.ʁə.ʁa/	jurera /ʒy.ʁə.ʁa/	jurerons /ʒy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/	jurerez /ʒy.ʁə.ʁe/	jureront /ʒy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	jurerais /ʒy.ʁə.ʁɛ/	jurerais /ʒy.ʁə.ʁɛ/	jurerait /ʒy.ʁə.ʁɛ/	jurerions /ʒy.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/	jureriez /ʒy.ʁə.ʁje/	jureraient /ʒy.ʁə.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	jure /ʒyʁ/	jures /ʒyʁ/	jure /ʒyʁ/	jurions /ʒy.ʁjɔ̃/	juriez /ʒy.ʁje/	jurent /ʒyʁ/
	imperfect2	jurasse /ʒy.ʁas/	jurasses /ʒy.ʁas/	jurât /ʒy.ʁa/	jurassions /ʒy.ʁa.sjɔ̃/	jurassiez /ʒy.ʁa.sje/	jurassent /ʒy.ʁas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	jure /ʒyʁ/	—	jurons /ʒy.ʁɔ̃/	jurez /ʒy.ʁe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• ennemi juré
• jurer comme un charretier
• jurer fidélité
• jurer ses grands dieux
• promis juré
• promis, juré, craché

Related terms

• jureur
• juron

Further reading

• “jurer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

Latin

Verb

jūrer

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of jūrō

Middle English

Noun

jurer

1. Alternative form of jurour

Old French

Etymology

First known attestation 842 as jurat in the Oaths of Strasbourg. From Latin jūrāre, iūrāre, present active infinitive of iūrō (“swear or take an oath”).

Verb

jurer

1. to promise; to swear
   • c. 1170, Christian of Troyes, Yvain ou le Chevalier au Lion:

     Jusque on li jure et fiant
     C'on fera toute sa puissance[.]

     Until they promised her
     That they would do all they could.

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of jurer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		jurer			avoir juré
gerund		en jurant			gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle		jurant
past participle		juré
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	jur	jures	jure	jurons	jurez	jurent
	imperfect	juroie, jureie, juroe, jureve	juroies, jureies, juroes, jureves	juroit, jureit, jurot, jureve	juriiens, juriens	juriiez, juriez	juroient, jureient, juroent, jurevent
	preterite	jurai	juras	jura	jurames	jurastes	jurerent
	future	jurerai	jureras	jurera	jurerons	jureroiz, jurereiz, jurerez	jureront
	conditional	jureroie, jurereie	jureroies, jurereies	jureroit, jurereit	jureriiens, jureriens	jureriiez, jureriez	jureroient, jurereient
compound tenses	present perfect	present tense of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
	past anterior	preterite tense of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future tense of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	jur	jurs	jurt	jurons	jurez	jurent
	imperfect	jurasse	jurasses	jurast	jurissons, jurissiens	jurissoiz, jurissez, jurissiez	jurassent
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	jure	—	jurons	jurez	—

Related terms

• jureor / jurour

Descendants

• → English: jury
• French: jurer
• Norman: juther
• Walloon: djurer