jutro

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *(j)utro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈjutro/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈjitro/

Noun

jutro n

1. morning

   Synonym: ráno

   z jutra / za jutra / k jutru / (v) jutřě ― in the morning

   dobré jutro / dobrojtro ― good morning

2. tomorrow

   Synonyms: zajtřek, zajtřie, zjutřie

   z jutra / za jutra / k jutru / (v) jutřě ― tomorrow

   jutřě ráno ― tomorrow morning

3. east

   Synonym: východ

Declension

Declension of jutro (hard o-stem reducible)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	jutro	jutřě	jutra
genitive	jutra	jutrú	juter
dative	jutru	jutroma	jutróm
accusative	jutro	jutřě	jutra
vocative	jutro	jutřě	jutra
locative	jutřě, jutru	jutrú	jutřiech
instrumental	jutrem	jutroma	jutry

This table shows the most common forms around the 13th century.
See also Appendix:Old Czech nouns and Appendix:Old Czech pronunciation.

Coordinate terms

(times of day) část dne; úsvit, jutro/ráno, dopoledne, poledne, spoledne, nešpor, večer, súmrak, prvospi, noc, pólnoc ^{(Category: zlw-ocs:Times of day)}

Derived terms

• jutrní
• jutros
• jutřně
• najtřie
• zajtra
• zajtřek
• zajtřie
• zjutra
• zjutřie

 

Descendants

• Czech: jitro

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916), “jutro”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *(j)utro.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /jutrɔ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /jutrɔ/

Noun

jutro n

1. morning
2. tomorrow

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish jutro, from Proto-Slavic *(j)utro, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *auštrā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewsér. Doublet of aura.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈjut.rɔ/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈju.trɔ/

• Audio 1

  (file)

• Audio 2

  (file)

• Rhymes: -utrɔ
• Syllabification: jut‧ro

Noun

jutro n

1. tomorrow (day after today)

Declension

Declension of jutro

	singular	plural
nominative	jutro	jutra
genitive	jutra	jutr
dative	jutru	jutrom
accusative	jutro	jutra
instrumental	jutrem	jutrami
locative	jutrze	jutrach
vocative	jutro	jutra

Derived terms

• jutrzejszy

 

Adverb

jutro (not comparable)

1. tomorrow (on the day after today)

Further reading

• jutro in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• jutro in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *(j)utro (“morning, dawn”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jûtro/
• Hyphenation: jut‧ro

Noun

jȕtro n (Cyrillic spelling ју̏тро)

1. morning
2. Old unit for measurement of area, similar to acre.

   Njegovo se imanje prostiralo na trideset jutara. ― His estate spread over thirty acres

Declension

Declension of jutro

	singular	plural
nominative	jȕtro	jȕtra
genitive	jȕtra	jȕtārā
dative	jȕtru	jȕtrima
accusative	jȕtro	jȕtra
vocative	jȕtro	jȕtra
locative	jȕtru	jȕtrima
instrumental	jȕtrom	jȕtrima

Further reading

• “jutro” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈjutro]

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *(j)utro (“morning, dawn”).

Alternative forms

• gutro (obsolete)

Adverb

jutro

1. (archaic) tomorrow

   Synonym: zajtra

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• yutro, jítro, ítro (obsolete)

Noun

jutro n (genitive singular jutra, nominative plural jutrá, genitive plural jutár)

1. (old unit for measurement of area, similar to acre)

Declension

Declension of jutro

	singular	plural
nominative	jutro	jutrá
genitive	jutra	jutár/jutier
dative	jutru	jutrám
accusative	jutro	jutrá
locative	jutre	jutrách
instrumental	jutrom	jutrami

Further reading

• “jutro”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2023

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *(j)utro (“morning, dawn”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jùːtrɔ/

Noun

jútro n

1. morning

   Antonym: večer

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Neuter, hard
nom. sing.	jútro
gen. sing.	jútra
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	jútro	jútri	jútra
genitive (rodȋlnik)	jútra	júter	júter
dative (dajȃlnik)	jútru	jútroma	jútrom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	jútro	jútri	jútra
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	jútru	jútrih	jútrih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	jútrom	jútroma	jútri

Further reading

• “jutro”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran