laboratorium

See also: Laboratorium and laboratórium

English

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin labōrātōrium. Doublet of laboratory.

Noun

laboratorium (plural laboratoria or laboratoriums)

1. (archaic; or nonstandard, non-native speakers' English) A laboratory.
   • 1869, “The Dawn of Liberty”, in The Dawn of Liberty; or Cadunt regum coronæ; vicit libertas. An Original Drama, Serio-Comical, in Three Acts, Chicago, Ill.: Co-operative Print, […], act I, scene III, page 22:

     Chemical Laboratorium of Dr. Faustus, at drawing of curtain he is seen stiring, with a rack, in the flames of a Chauldron—Monarchs standing about—during change of Scene Music plays—all looking in Chauldron, some on tiptoe.

   • 1885 April, B. Bang, “Tuberculosis in the Udder of the Milch Cow, and Its Effects upon the Milk”, in W. A. Conklin, F. S. Billings, editors, The Journal of Comparative Medicine and Surgery, a Quarterly Journal of the Anatomy, Pathology and Therapeutics of the Lower Animals, volume VI, number 2, New York, N.Y.: William R. Jenkins, […], section “Experiments with Reference to the Influence of Heat upon Milk Containing Tuberculosis Bacilli”, page 155:

     Herr v. Storch, superintendent of our chemical laboratorium, subjected the milk from a cow with udder tuberculosis to chemical analysis, with the following results: […]

   • c. 1906, Journal of the American Medical Association, page 246, column 2:

     The astounding chemical versatility of the cells of the body, as evidenced in the production of such substances, and the immune bodies to which I have referred before, has forced on us a conception of the cell household as a complicated chemical laboratorium.

   • 1920, Mededeelingen van den Burgerlijken Geneeskundigen Dienst in Nederlandsche-Indië, page 19:

     In combating the various diseases the laboratoria and the Government Vaccination Institute and the Pasteur Institute should be mentioned as powerful aids.

   • c. 1941, Rosicrucian Digest, page 463, column 2:

     It is planned to continue the series by issuing laboratoriums at later dates dealing with subjects such as cohesion and adhesion, electrostatics, color and sound.

   • 1952, Diamond, a Crystal Counter, page 15:

     This by now famous investigation stimulated the search for and investigation of crystal counters in many laboratoria.

   • 1952, Free University Quarterly, page 265:

     Monday, December 22, 1952 the laboratoria, which had to be equiped^[sic] in connection with the opening of the medical faculty, were officially put into operation at a special gathering.

   • c. 1961, Indonesian Abstracts, page 47:

     As to laboratorium tests on samples of milk for bacterial content (which is the most objective method), there is still controversy between veterinarians as to the conclusions from tests applied to 47.

   • 1989, Abstracts on Tropical Agriculture, page 74, column 2:

     Physico-chemical laboratorium tests, such as alpha-amylase activity, gluten washing, sedimentation value and chapati baking tests were conducted to determine the maximum coarse size of wheat flour for baking chapati.

   • 1991, E. te Wierik, “Measures to control alcohol abuse”, in Dirk G. van der Heij, Gertjan Schaafsma, editors, Biomedical and Social Aspects of Alcohol Use: A Review of the Literature, Pudoc, →ISBN, pages 252–253:

     Besides these laboratorium tests self-report instruments like the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (55), the CAGE questions (40) and other diagnostic tests mentioned in Chapter 1 are being used.

   • 1992, South Africa: Official Yearbook of the Republic of South Africa, →ISBN, page 194, column 2:

     Sanlam donates a cheque of R 100 000 to the Urban Foundation for providing schools with science equipment and so-called portable laboratoriums designed for the standard three to five science curriculum.

   • 1993, Mededelingen, page 1576:

     High-tech industries, the pharmaceutical industry, the food industry, many laboratoria and a lot of surgeries are very sensitive to contamination with submicron particles and/or bacteria (viable or nonviable) and therefore need indoor air free of harmful particles.

   • 2012, JY Yang, “Captain Bells and the Sovereign State of Discordia”, in Ann VanderMeer, editor, Steampunk III: Steampunk Revolution, San Francisco, Calif.: Tachyon Publications, →ISBN, page 310:

     Beneath the indolent sprawl of the Imperial Palace lay the holding cells, the interrogation rooms, the laboratoriums, all the varied instruments essential to the Empire.

   • 2020, Mega Wulandari, Truly Almendo Pasaribu, “EXPLORE: Blended Learning for Language Learning”, in Barli Bram, editor, Technology for English Language Learning, Sanata Dharma University Press, →ISBN, page 145:

     Teachers make schedules for face to face learning, laboratoriums, and online learning.

Usage notes

In contemporary texts, mainly used by non-native speakers.

Danish

Alternative forms

• laboratorie

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin labōrātōrium, from Latin labōrāre (“to work”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [lɑ.bo.ʁɑˈtoɐ̯ˀjɔm], [la.bo-]
• Hyphenation: la‧bo‧ra‧torium

Noun

laboratorium n (singular definite laboratoriet, plural indefinite laboratorier)

2. laboratory (room, building, or institution equipped for scientific research, experimentation, or analysis)
3. laboratory (place where chemicals, drugs, or microbes are prepared or manufactured)

Declension

Declension of laboratorium

neuter gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	laboratorium	laboratoriet	laboratorier	laboratorierne
genitive	laboratoriums	laboratoriets	laboratoriers	laboratoriernes

Further reading

• “laboratorium” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin labōrātōrium. First attested in 1711.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /laː.boː.raːˈtoː.ri(j)ʏm/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: la‧bo‧ra‧to‧ri‧um

Noun

laboratorium n (plural laboratoria or laboratoriums, diminutive laboratoriumpje n)

1. laboratory, room, building or institution equipped for scientific research or similarly specialised operations, such as production

Derived terms

• lab, labo
• laboratoriumproef
• onderzoekslaboratorium

Descendants

• → Indonesian: laboratorium

Further reading

• “laboratorium” in Woordenlijst Nederlandse Taal – Officiële Spelling, Nederlandse Taalunie. [the official spelling word list for the Dutch language]
• Matthias de Vries; Lambert Allard te Winkel (1864), “laboratorium”, in Woordenboek der Nederlandsche Taal, published 2001

Indonesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Dutch laboratorium, from Latin labōrātōrium.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Indonesian) IPA^(key): /laboratoˈrium/ [la.bo.ra.t̪oˈri.ʊm]
• Rhymes: -um
• Syllabification: la‧bo‧ra‧to‧ri‧um

Noun

laboratorium (plural laboratorium-laboratorium)

1. laboratory: room, building or institution equipped for scientific research or similarly specialised operations, such as production

   Synonym: makmal

Hyponyms

• laboratorium akuntansi
• laboratorium bahasa
• laboratorium biologi
• laboratorium fisika
• laboratorium forensik
• laboratorium kateterisasi
• laboratorium klinik
• laboratorium komputer
• laboratorium konservasi
• laboratorium kriminal
• laboratorium medis
• laboratorium mikrobiologi
• laboratorium patologi
• laboratorium penguji
• laboratorium rujukan
• laboratorium terakreditasi
• laboratorium veteriner
• laboratorium virtual

Further reading

• “laboratorium”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Latin

Etymology

From the neuter of Medieval Latin labōrātōrius (“laborable”), from Late Latin labōrātor (“worker”), from Latin labōrō (“to work”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɫa.boː.raːˈtoː.ri.ũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [la.bo.raˈtɔː.ri.um]
• Hyphenation: la‧bō‧rā‧tō‧ri‧um

Noun

labōrātōrium n (genitive labōrātōriī or labōrātōrī); second declension

1. (Medieval Latin) laboratory

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	labōrātōrium	labōrātōria
genitive	labōrātōriī labōrātōrī1	labōrātōriōrum
dative	labōrātōriō	labōrātōriīs
accusative	labōrātōrium	labōrātōria
ablative	labōrātōriō	labōrātōriīs
vocative	labōrātōrium	labōrātōria

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Descendants

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: lavoratoio

Borrowings:

• → Crimean Tatar: laboratoriya
• → Dutch: laboratorium
• → English: laboratorium, laboratory
• → Finnish: laboratorio
• → French: laboratoire (learned)
• → German: Laboratorium
• → Hungarian: laboratórium
• → Italian: lavoratorio (semi-learned), laboratorio (learned)
• → Polish: laboratorium
• → Portuguese: laboratório (learned)
• → Romanian: laborator, laboratoriu
• → Russian: лаборато́рия (laboratórija)
• → Serbo-Croatian: laboratorij
• → Spanish: laboratorio (learned)
• → Swedish: laboratorium
• → Turkish: laboratuvar
• → Ukrainian: лаборато́рія (laboratórija)

References

• R. E. Latham, D. R. Howlett, & R. K. Ashdowne, editors (1975–2013), “laboratorium”, in Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources‎^[1], London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, →ISBN, →OCLC
• "LABORATORIUM", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Further reading

• laboratorium in Ramminger, Johann (12 June 2026 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎^[2], pre-publication website, 2005-2016

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Medieval Latin laboratorium.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

laboratorium n (definite singular laboratoriet, indefinite plural laboratorier, definite plural laboratoria or laboratoriene)

1. a laboratory

References

• “laboratorium” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Medieval Latin laboratorium.

Noun

laboratorium n (definite singular laboratoriet, indefinite plural laboratorium, definite plural laboratoria)

1. a laboratory

References

• “laboratorium” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Polish

Alternative forms

• laboratoryum (pre-reform orthography (1816))
• laboratorjum (pre-reform orthography (1936))

Etymology

Etymology tree

Late Latin labor

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂

Proto-Indo-European *-yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti

Proto-Indo-European *-h₂tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ājō

Proto-Italic *-āō

Late Latin -ō

Late Latin labōrō

Proto-Indo-European *-tōr

Proto-Italic *-tōr

Late Latin -tor

Late Latin labōrātor

Medieval Latin labōrātōrius

Medieval Latin labōrātōriumbor.

German Laboratoriumbor.

Polish laboratorium

Borrowed from German Laboratorium.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /la.bɔ.raˈtɔ.rjum/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔrjum
• Syllabification: la‧bo‧ra‧to‧rium

Noun

laboratorium n (related adjective laboratoryjny)

1. laboratory

Declension

Declension of laboratorium

	singular	plural
nominative	laboratorium	laboratoria
genitive	laboratorium	laboratoriów
dative	laboratorium	laboratoriom
accusative	laboratorium	laboratoria
instrumental	laboratorium	laboratoriami
locative	laboratorium	laboratoriach
vocative	laboratorium	laboratoria

Derived terms

nouns

• laboratorium językowe

Related terms

adjectives

• laborancki

nouns

• laborant
• laborantka

Further reading

• “laboratorium”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[3] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “laboratorium”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[4] (in Polish)
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1808), “laboratoryum”, in Słownik języka polskiego, volume 1b, page 1207
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “laboratorjum”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861, volume I, page 575
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “laboratorjum”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 671
• Woliński, Marcin; Saloni, Zygmunt; Wołosz, Robert; Gruszczyński, Włodzimierz; Skowrońska, Danuta; Bronk, Zbigniew (2020), “laboratorium”, in Słownik gramatyczny języka polskiego [Grammatical Dictionary of Polish]‎^[5], 4. online edition, Warszawa

Swedish

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin labōrātōrium.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lab(ʊ)raˈtuːrɪɵm/

• Audio (Gotland); “ett laboratorium”:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -¹uːrɪɵm

Noun

laboratorium n

1. a laboratory

   Synonym: labb

Declension

Declension of laboratorium

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	laboratorium	laboratoriums
	definite	laboratoriet	laboratoriets
plural	indefinite	laboratorier	laboratoriers
	definite	laboratorierna	laboratoriernas

Related terms

• labb
• laboration
• laborator
• laboratorieassistent
• laborera