lub

See also: Appendix:Variations of "lub"

Translingual

Symbol

lub

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Luba-Katanga.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Luba-Katanga terms

Gullah

Alternative forms

• lob

Etymology

From English love.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lʌb/, /ləb/

Noun

lub

1. love

Verb

lub

1. To love

References

• De Nyew Testament‎^[2], Wycliffe Bible Translators, Inc., 2025
• Virginia Mixson Geraty, Gulluh fuh oonuh: Gullah for You (1997)

Old Polish

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-der.

Proto-Indo-European *-ós

Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰós

Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljaubas

Proto-Slavic *ľubъ

Proto-Slavic *-o

Proto-Slavic *ľubo

Old Polish luboclip.

Old Polish lub

Clipping of lubo. First attested in c. 1487.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /lʲu(ː)p/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /lʲup/

Conjunction

lub

1. (attested in Masovia) or, that is, and/or

   Synonym: lubo

   • [c. 1487], Adam Wolff, editor, Rękopiśmienne ekscerpty Adama Wolffa pochodzące z mazowieckich ksiąg sądowych, Grójec, page 4 a:

     Jest w Golianach Joh[annes] Gysthor lub Gysthorek

     [Jest w Golianach Joh[annes] Gisztor lub Gisztorek]

Descendants

• Polish: lub
• Silesian: lub

References

• Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “lub”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “lub”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
• Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “lub”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
• Bożena Sieradzka-Baziur, et al., editors (2011–2015), “2. lub”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Old Slovak

Noun

lub m inan

1. sieve frame

References

• Majtán, Milan et al., editors (1991–2008), “lub”, in Historický slovník slovenského jazyka [Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–7 (A – Ž), Bratislava: VEDA, →OCLC

Polish

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈlup/

• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /ˈlup/
• (Lesser Poland):
  • (Eastern Kraków) IPA^(key): [ˈlup]

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -up
• Syllabification: lub
• Homophone: lup

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-der.

Proto-Indo-European *-ós

Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰós

Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljaubas

Proto-Slavic *ľubъ

Proto-Slavic *-o

Proto-Slavic *ľubo

Old Polish luboclip.

Old Polish lub

Polish lub

Inherited from Old Polish lub. By surface analysis, clipping of lubo.

Conjunction

lub

1. (sometimes repeated) or, and/or

   Synonyms: abo, albo, bądź, czy

Alternative forms

• leb, lubo (Middle Polish)

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), lub is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 255 times in scientific texts, 42 times in news, 80 times in essays, 45 times in fiction, and 11 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 433 times, making it the 223rd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

lub

1. second-person singular imperative of lubić

Further reading

• “lub”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[3] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “lub”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[4] (in Polish)
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, et al., editors (2010-2023), “lub, lubo, leb”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “lub”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “lub”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “lub”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 768
• Jan Karłowicz (1903), “lub”, in Hieronim Łopaciński, Wacław Taczanowski, editors, Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 3: L do O, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 47

Silesian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰ-der.

Proto-Indo-European *-ós

Proto-Indo-European *lewbʰós

Proto-Balto-Slavic *ljaubas

Proto-Slavic *ľubъ

Proto-Slavic *-o

Proto-Slavic *ľubo

Old Polish luboclip.

Old Polish lub

Silesian lub

Inherited from Old Polish lub.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈlup/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -up
• Syllabification: lub

Conjunction

lub

1. (sometimes repeated) or, and/or

   Synonym: abo

Further reading

• lub in dykcjonorz.eu
• lub in silling.org

White Hmong

Etymology

From Proto-Hmongic *ʔlɛŋᴬ (“classifier for bowls and houses”), borrowed from Chinese 庵 (ān, “thatched hut”). Cognate with Proto-Mienic *ʔnɛɔmᴬ (“id”).

Other proposals consider the word as borrowed from Proto-Tai *lɯ:kᴰ (“child (offspring)”). If that case, then cognate with Thai ลูก (lûuk), Northern Thai ᩃᩪᨠ, Lao ລູກ (lūk), Lü ᦟᦴᧅ (luuk), Tai Dam ꪩꪴꪀ, Shan လုၵ်ႈ (lūk), Tai Nüa ᥘᥧᥐ (luk), Khamti လ︀ုက︀်ႉ, Phake လ︀ုက︀် (luk), Ahom 𑜎𑜤𑜀𑜫 (luk), Bouyei leg, Zhuang lwg. Within Kra-Dai, compare Sui laag (“son”), Proto-Hlai *hlɯːk (“child; offspring”) (whence ɗɯːʔ⁷~ɬɯːʔ⁷~ɬɯːk⁷~ɬɯaʔ⁷ across the different lects) and Proto-Be *ləːkᴰ² (“child; offspring”) (whence lɛk⁸~lək⁸ across the different lects). Compare also Siraya alak.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /lu˥/

Classifier

lub

1. classifier for objects characterized by bulk or roundness:
   1. (classifier) ball; round object.
   2. (classifier) building.
   3. (classifier) abstract idea.

References

• Heimbach, Ernest E. (1979), White Hmong — English Dictionary‎^[5], SEAP Publications, →ISBN, page 118.