meurtrir
French
Etymology
From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle French meurtrir (“to bruise, leave a mark on the skin, tear, hurt, to murder”) from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old French meurtrir, murtrir (“to kill, slaughter, murder”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Frankish *murþrijan (“to murder”) from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Germanic *murþrijaną (“to kill, murder”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *mrtro- (“murder, death”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *mer-, *mor-, *mr- (“to die”). Akin to Old High German murd(r)jan (“to kill, murder”) (German mördern (“to murder”)), Old English myrþrian (“to murder”), Old English morþor (“death, murder”). More at murder.
Pronunciation
Verb
meurtrir
- (transitive, obsolete) to murder
- (transitive) to injure, hurt; to bruise, especially in reference to fruit; to leave a contusion
- (transitive) to hurt or injure someone's feelings
Usage notes
- The verb tuer is more commonly used for "to murder" but may be ambiguous as it also refers to non-deliberate killing
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
infinitive | simple | meurtrir | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | meurtrissant /mœʁ.tʁi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | meurtri /mœʁ.tʁi/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | meurtris /mœʁ.tʁi/ |
meurtris /mœʁ.tʁi/ |
meurtrit /mœʁ.tʁi/ |
meurtrissons /mœʁ.tʁi.sɔ̃/ |
meurtrissez /mœʁ.tʁi.se/ |
meurtrissent /mœʁ.tʁis/ |
imperfect | meurtrissais /mœʁ.tʁi.sɛ/ |
meurtrissais /mœʁ.tʁi.sɛ/ |
meurtrissait /mœʁ.tʁi.sɛ/ |
meurtrissions /mœʁ.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
meurtrissiez /mœʁ.tʁi.sje/ |
meurtrissaient /mœʁ.tʁi.sɛ/ | |
past historic2 | meurtris /mœʁ.tʁi/ |
meurtris /mœʁ.tʁi/ |
meurtrit /mœʁ.tʁi/ |
meurtrîmes /mœʁ.tʁim/ |
meurtrîtes /mœʁ.tʁit/ |
meurtrirent /mœʁ.tʁiʁ/ | |
future | meurtrirai /mœʁ.tʁi.ʁe/ |
meurtriras /mœʁ.tʁi.ʁa/ |
meurtrira /mœʁ.tʁi.ʁa/ |
meurtrirons /mœʁ.tʁi.ʁɔ̃/ |
meurtrirez /mœʁ.tʁi.ʁe/ |
meurtriront /mœʁ.tʁi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | meurtrirais /mœʁ.tʁi.ʁɛ/ |
meurtrirais /mœʁ.tʁi.ʁɛ/ |
meurtrirait /mœʁ.tʁi.ʁɛ/ |
meurtririons /mœʁ.tʁi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
meurtririez /mœʁ.tʁi.ʁje/ |
meurtriraient /mœʁ.tʁi.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | meurtrisse /mœʁ.tʁis/ |
meurtrisses /mœʁ.tʁis/ |
meurtrisse /mœʁ.tʁis/ |
meurtrissions /mœʁ.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
meurtrissiez /mœʁ.tʁi.sje/ |
meurtrissent /mœʁ.tʁis/ |
imperfect2 | meurtrisse /mœʁ.tʁis/ |
meurtrisses /mœʁ.tʁis/ |
meurtrît /mœʁ.tʁi/ |
meurtrissions /mœʁ.tʁi.sjɔ̃/ |
meurtrissiez /mœʁ.tʁi.sje/ |
meurtrissent /mœʁ.tʁis/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | meurtris /mœʁ.tʁi/ |
— | meurtrissons /mœʁ.tʁi.sɔ̃/ |
meurtrissez /mœʁ.tʁi.se/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Related terms
Further reading
- “meurtrir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Middle French
Verb
meurtrir
- to murder
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms derived from Frankish
- French terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French transitive verbs
- French terms with obsolete senses
- French verbs with conjugation -ir
- French second group verbs
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French verbs