ngali

Bandjalang

Etymology

From Proto-Pama-Nyungan *ŋali.

Noun

ngali

1. we

Gamilaraay

Etymology

From Proto-Central New South Wales *ŋali, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *ŋali.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ŋali/

Pronoun

ngali

1. We two (first person dual pronoun)

References

• Barry Alpher (2004), “Proto-Pama-Nyungan Etyma”, in Claire Bowern, Harold Koch, editors, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, Amsterdam: John Benjamins, →ISBN, section 5.1, pages 483–6
• Peter Austin (1993) A Reference Grammar of Gamilaraay, northern New South Wales (Thesis)‎^[1], Melbourne, Australia: La Trobe University, Department of Linguistics, →ISBN

Guugu Yimidhirr

Etymology

From Proto-Pama-Nyungan *ŋali.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ŋali/

Pronoun

ngali

1. We two, you and I (first person dual inclusive pronoun)

Usage notes

Most modern speakers no longer make a distinction between inclusive and exclusive pronouns, instead using ngali for both "you and I" and "he/she and I".

References

• Barry Alpher (2004), “Proto-Pama-Nyungan Etyma”, in Claire Bowern, Harold Koch, editors, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, Amsterdam: John Benjamins, →ISBN, section 5.1, pages 483–6
• Haviland, John B. 1979. ‘Guugu Yimidhirr Sketch Grammar’. R. M. W. Dixon, B. Blake (eds.) Handbook of Australian Languages, Vol I.

Maguindanao

Noun

ngali

1. (anatomy) mouth

Martuthunira

Etymology

From Proto-Ngayarda *ŋali, from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *ŋali.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ŋali/

Pronoun

ngali

1. We two, you and I (first person dual inclusive pronoun)

References

• Barry Alpher (2004), “Proto-Pama-Nyungan Etyma”, in Claire Bowern, Harold Koch, editors, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method, Amsterdam: John Benjamins, →ISBN, section 5.1, pages 483–6
• Dench, Alan Charles. 1995. Martuthunira: A Language of the Pilbara Region of Western Australia. Canberra: Pacific Linguistics. Series C-125.

Pitjantjatjara

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *ŋali.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈŋɐlɪ]

Pronoun

ngali (first person dual, accusative ngalinya, possessive/purposive ngalimpa, locative ngalila)

1. we two

Related terms

Pitjantjatjara personal pronouns (nominative case)

	singular	dual	plural
first person	ngayulu (I) Bound form: -ṉa	ngali (we two) Bound form: -li	nganaṉa (we, more than two) Bound form: -la
second person	nyuntu (you) Bound form: -n	nyupali (you two)	nyura (you, more than two)
third person	paluṟu (he/she/it)	pula (they two)	tjana (they, more than two) Bound form: -ya

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-ngali (only present tense)

1. to still be

   Near-synonym: bado

   ungali unasema ― you are still saying

   ningali sijui ― I still do not know

   wangali watoto ― they are still children

   wangali hawajalala ― they are not yet asleep

Conjugation

Inflected forms of -ngali

		singular	plural
1st person		ningali	tungali
2nd person		ungali	mngali
3rd person	m-wa(I/II)	angali/yungali	wangali
	m-mi(III/IV)	ungali	ingali
	ji-ma(V/VI)	lingali	yangali
	ki-vi(VII/VIII)	kingali	vingali
	n(IX/X)	ingali	zingali
	u(XI)	ungali	see n(X) or ma(VI)
	ku(XV/XVII)	kungali
	pa(XVI)	pangali
	mu(XVIII)	mngali

For more information, see Appendix:Swahili verbs.

Derived terms

• samaki mkunje angali mbichi, samaki mkunje yungali mbichi

Wajarri

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ŋali/

Pronoun

ngali

1. we two (first person dual subject pronoun)