osua

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *osudak, probably from Proto-Finno-Ugric *ońćo- (“to get”). Probably ultimately equivalent to osa- +‎ -ua. Compare sattua (“to hit, strike, touch”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈosuɑˣ/, [ˈo̞s̠uɑ̝(ʔ)]
• Rhymes: -osuɑ
• Syllabification^(key): o‧su‧a

Verb

osua

1. (intransitive) to hit, strike, get [with illative] (a spot, target)

Conjugation

Inflection of osua (Kotus type 52/sanoa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		osun	en osu	1st sing.	olen osunut	en ole osunut
2nd sing.		osut	et osu	2nd sing.	olet osunut	et ole osunut
3rd sing.		osuu	ei osu	3rd sing.	on osunut	ei ole osunut
1st plur.		osumme	emme osu	1st plur.	olemme osuneet	emme ole osuneet
2nd plur.		osutte	ette osu	2nd plur.	olette osuneet	ette ole osuneet
3rd plur.		osuvat	eivät osu	3rd plur.	ovat osuneet	eivät ole osuneet
passive		osutaan	ei osuta	passive	on osuttu	ei ole osuttu
past tense				pluperfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		osuin	en osunut	1st sing.	olin osunut	en ollut osunut
2nd sing.		osuit	et osunut	2nd sing.	olit osunut	et ollut osunut
3rd sing.		osui	ei osunut	3rd sing.	oli osunut	ei ollut osunut
1st plur.		osuimme	emme osuneet	1st plur.	olimme osuneet	emme olleet osuneet
2nd plur.		osuitte	ette osuneet	2nd plur.	olitte osuneet	ette olleet osuneet
3rd plur.		osuivat	eivät osuneet	3rd plur.	olivat osuneet	eivät olleet osuneet
passive		osuttiin	ei osuttu	passive	oli osuttu	ei ollut osuttu
conditional mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		osuisin	en osuisi	1st sing.	olisin osunut	en olisi osunut
2nd sing.		osuisit	et osuisi	2nd sing.	olisit osunut	et olisi osunut
3rd sing.		osuisi	ei osuisi	3rd sing.	olisi osunut	ei olisi osunut
1st plur.		osuisimme	emme osuisi	1st plur.	olisimme osuneet	emme olisi osuneet
2nd plur.		osuisitte	ette osuisi	2nd plur.	olisitte osuneet	ette olisi osuneet
3rd plur.		osuisivat	eivät osuisi	3rd plur.	olisivat osuneet	eivät olisi osuneet
passive		osuttaisiin	ei osuttaisi	passive	olisi osuttu	ei olisi osuttu
imperative mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		—	—	1st sing.	—	—
2nd sing.		osu	älä osu	2nd sing.	—	—
3rd sing.		osukoon	älköön osuko	3rd sing.	olkoon osunut	älköön olko osunut
1st plur.		osukaamme	älkäämme osuko	1st plur.	—	—
2nd plur.		osukaa	älkää osuko	2nd plur.	—	—
3rd plur.		osukoot	älkööt osuko	3rd plur.	olkoot osuneet	älkööt olko osuneet
passive		osuttakoon	älköön osuttako	passive	olkoon osuttu	älköön olko osuttu
potential mood
present				perfect
person		positive	negative	person	positive	negative
1st sing.		osunen	en osune	1st sing.	lienen osunut	en liene osunut
2nd sing.		osunet	et osune	2nd sing.	lienet osunut	et liene osunut
3rd sing.		osunee	ei osune	3rd sing.	lienee osunut	ei liene osunut
1st plur.		osunemme	emme osune	1st plur.	lienemme osuneet	emme liene osuneet
2nd plur.		osunette	ette osune	2nd plur.	lienette osuneet	ette liene osuneet
3rd plur.		osunevat	eivät osune	3rd plur.	lienevät osuneet	eivät liene osuneet
passive		osuttaneen	ei osuttane	passive	lienee osuttu	ei liene osuttu
Nominal forms
infinitives				participles
		active	passive		active	passive
1st		osua		present	osuva	osuttava
long 1st1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st osuakseni osuaksemme 2nd osuaksesi osuaksenne 3rd osuakseen osuaksensa		past	osunut	osuttu
2nd	inessive2	osuessa	osuttaessa	agent4	osuma
		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st osuessani osuessamme 2nd osuessasi osuessanne 3rd osuessaan osuessansa		negative	osumaton
	instructive	osuen	—	1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). 3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details). 4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.
3rd	inessive	osumassa	—
	elative	osumasta	—
	illative	osumaan	—
	adessive	osumalla	—
	abessive	osumatta	—
	instructive	osuman	osuttaman
4th3	verbal noun	osuminen
5th1		Possessive forms Person sing. plur. 1st osumaisillani osumaisillamme 2nd osumaisillasi osumaisillanne 3rd osumaisillaan osumaisillansa

Derived terms

adjectives

• osuva

 

nouns

• osuma
• osuminen

 

verbs

• osuttaa

 

Further reading

• “osua”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03