pneumonia

See also: pneumònia, pneumónia, and pneumonía

English

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πνευμονία (pneumonía, “lung disease”), from πνεύμων (pneúmōn, “lung”) + -ία (-ía).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /njuˈməʊniə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (US, Canada) IPA^(key): /nuˈmoʊniə/, /nəˈmoʊniə/, /nəˈmoʊnjə/
• (Indic) IPA^(key): /ny.mo.nɪ.ɑ/

Noun

pneumonia (usually uncountable, plural pneumonias or pneumoniæ or pneumoniae)

1. Inflammation of the lungs caused by viruses, bacteria or other infectious microorganisms.
   • 1922, Michael Arlen, “2/9/1”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days‎^[1]:

     He had always been remarkably immune from such little ailments, and had only once in his life been ill, of a vicious pneumonia long ago at school.

Derived terms

• atypical pneumonia
• bilateral pneumonia
• bronchopneumonia
• double pneumonia
• hydropneumonia
• idiopathic pneumonia syndrome
• lobar pneumonia
• metapneumonia
• peripneumonia
• pleuropneumonia
• pneumococcal pneumonia
• pneumocystis pneumonia
• pneumoniac
• pneumonialike
• single pneumonia
• typhopneumonia
• walking pneumonia
• Wuhan pneumonia

Translations

inflammation of the lungs

• Albanian: pneumoni (sq) f
• Amharic: የሳምባ ምች (yäsamba məč)
• Arabic: ذَات اَلرِّئَة m (ḏāt ar-riʔa), اِلْتِهَاب رِئَوِيّ m (iltihāb riʔawiyy)
• Arikara: naniítuʾ
• Armenian: թոքաբորբ (hy) (tʻokʻaborb), թոքերի բորբոքում (tʻokʻeri borbokʻum)
• Assiniboine: caǧú bóbi, caǧú nadàboǧą
• Azerbaijani: ağciyər iltihabı, sətəlcəm, pnevmoniya
• Belarusian: пнеўмані́я f (pnjewmaníja), запале́нне лёгкіх n (zapaljénnje ljóhkix)
• Burmese: အဆုတ်ရောင်ရောဂါ (my) (a.hcutraung-rau:ga)
• Catalan: pneumònia (ca) f, pulmonia (ca) f
• Cherokee: ᎪᎳ ᎡᎯ ᎤᏗᎴᎬᏍᎬ (gola ehi udilegvsgv), ᎪᎴᎯ (golehi)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 肺炎 (fai³ jim⁴)

  Hakka: 肺炎 (fi-yàm, hi-yàm)

  Hokkien: 肺炎 (zh-min-nan) (hì-iām)

  Mandarin: 肺炎 (zh) (fèiyán)

• Cree:

  Southern East Cree: ᐹᒋᐦᐸᓀᐸᔨᐙᔅᐱᓀᐎᓐ (paacihpanepayiwaaspinewin)

• Czech: zápal plic (cs) m, pneumonie (cs) f
• Danish: lungebetændelse (da) c
• Dhivehi: ނިއުމޯނިޔާ (niumōniyā)
• Dutch: longontsteking (nl) f, pneumonie (nl) f
• Esperanto: pneŭmonito
• Estonian: kopsupõletik (et), pneumoonia
• Finnish: keuhkokuume (fi), pneumonia (fi)
• French: pneumonie (fr) f
• Galician: pneumonía (gl) f
• Georgian: პნევმონია (ṗnevmonia), ფილტვების ანთება (pilṭvebis anteba)
• German: Lungenentzündung (de) f; Pneumonie (de) f (scientific)
• Greek: πνευμονία (el) f (pnevmonía)
• Hebrew: דַּלֶּקֶת רֵאוֹת (he) f (daléket re'ót)
• Hindi: न्यूमोनिया f (nyūmoniyā)
• Hungarian: tüdőgyulladás (hu)
• Icelandic: lungnabólga (is) f
• Ido: pulmonito (io)
• Indonesian: pneumonia (id)
• Inuktitut: ᐳᕝᕕᕆᓂᖅ (povfiriniq)
• Irish: aicíd na scamhóg f, niúmóine
• Italian: polmonite (it) f
• Japanese: 肺炎 (ja) (はいえん, haien),
• Kazakh: өкпе қабынуы (ökpe qabynuy)
• Khmer: ជម្ងឺរលាកទងសួត (cumŋɨɨ rɔliek tɔɔŋ suǝt), រោគរលាកសួត (rook rɔliek suǝt), រលាកសួត (rɔliək suət)
• Korean: 폐렴(肺炎) (ko) (pyeryeom)
• Kurdish:

  Central Kurdish: سِیەسۆ (siyeso)

• Ladin: pontes f pl
• Lao: ປອດບວມ (pǭt būam)
• Latvian: pneimonija f, plaušu karsonis m
• Lithuanian: plaučių uždegimas m, pneumonija f
• Macedonian: пнеумонија f (pneumonija)
• Malay: paru-paru berair
• Malecite-Passamaquoddy: numuniyewine
• Māori: mate pūkahu kakā, mate niumōnia, niumōnia
• Mongolian:

  Cyrillic: уушгины үрэвсэл (uušginy ürevsel)

• Nahuatl:

  Classical Nahuatl: ōpōchehēcatl

• Navajo: dikos ntsaaígíí
• Norman: enfliammâtion d'ponmons f
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: lungebetennelse m

  Nynorsk: lungebetennelse m

• Pannonian Rusyn: запалєнє плюцох n (zapaljenje pljucox), пнеумония f (pneumonija)
• Pawnee: raritukskucuʾ (South Band)
• Persian: ذات‌الریه (zât-or-riye)
• Polish: zapalenie płuc (pl) n
• Portuguese: pneumonia (pt) f
• Romanian: pneumonie (ro) f
• Russian: пневмони́я (ru) f (pnevmoníja), воспале́ние лёгких n (vospalénije ljóxkix), лёгочное заболевание (ljógočnoje zabolevanije)
• Scottish Gaelic: am fiabhras-clèibhe m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: пнеумо̀нија f, упала плућа f

  Latin: pneumònija (sh) f, upala pluća f

• Slovak: zápal pľúc m, pneumónia (sk) f
• Southern Altai: пневмония (pnevmoniya), ӧкпӧниҥ оорузы (ökpöniŋ ooruzï)
• Slovene: pljučnica (sl) f
• Spanish: pulmonía (es) f, neumonía (es) f
• Swedish: lunginflammation (sv) c
• Tagalog: magambaga, magandahumbaga, pulmunya
• Tamil: நுரையீரல் அழற்சி (nuraiyīral aḻaṟci)
• Thai: ปอดบวม (bpɔ̀ɔt-buuam)
• Tlingit: k'inashóo
• Turkish: zatürre (tr), pnömoni (tr)
• Ukrainian: пневмоні́я f (pnevmoníja), запа́лення леге́нів n (zapálennja lehéniv)
• Uzbek: zotiljam (uz), pnevmoniya (uz)
• Vietnamese: viêm phổi (炎𦟊), sưng phổi (vi), phế viêm (vi) (dated)
• Volapük: luegaflamat
• Zhuang: feiyenz, binghfeiyenz

Finnish

Etymology

Internationalism (see English pneumonia), ultimately from Ancient Greek πνευμονία (pneumonía).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpneu̯moniɑ/, [ˈpne̞u̯mo̞ˌniɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -iɑ
• Syllabification^(key): pneu‧mo‧ni‧a
• Hyphenation^(key): pneu‧mo‧nia

Noun

pneumonia

1. (pathology) pneumonia

Declension

Inflection of pneumonia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)
nominative		pneumonia	pneumoniat
genitive		pneumonian	pneumonioiden pneumonioitten
partitive		pneumoniaa	pneumonioita
illative		pneumoniaan	pneumonioihin
		singular	plural
nominative		pneumonia	pneumoniat
accusative	nom.	pneumonia	pneumoniat
	gen.	pneumonian
genitive		pneumonian	pneumonioiden pneumonioitten pneumoniain rare
partitive		pneumoniaa	pneumonioita
inessive		pneumoniassa	pneumonioissa
elative		pneumoniasta	pneumonioista
illative		pneumoniaan	pneumonioihin
adessive		pneumonialla	pneumonioilla
ablative		pneumonialta	pneumonioilta
allative		pneumonialle	pneumonioille
essive		pneumoniana	pneumonioina
translative		pneumoniaksi	pneumonioiksi
abessive		pneumoniatta	pneumonioitta
instructive		—	pneumonioin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of pneumonia (Kotus type 12/kulkija, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative pneumoniani pneumoniani accusative nom. pneumoniani pneumoniani gen. pneumoniani genitive pneumoniani pneumonioideni pneumonioitteni pneumoniaini rare partitive pneumoniaani pneumonioitani inessive pneumoniassani pneumonioissani elative pneumoniastani pneumonioistani illative pneumoniaani pneumonioihini adessive pneumoniallani pneumonioillani ablative pneumonialtani pneumonioiltani allative pneumonialleni pneumonioilleni essive pneumonianani pneumonioinani translative pneumoniakseni pneumonioikseni abessive pneumoniattani pneumonioittani instructive — — comitative — pneumonioineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative pneumoniasi pneumoniasi accusative nom. pneumoniasi pneumoniasi gen. pneumoniasi genitive pneumoniasi pneumonioidesi pneumonioittesi pneumoniaisi rare partitive pneumoniaasi pneumonioitasi inessive pneumoniassasi pneumonioissasi elative pneumoniastasi pneumonioistasi illative pneumoniaasi pneumonioihisi adessive pneumoniallasi pneumonioillasi ablative pneumonialtasi pneumonioiltasi allative pneumoniallesi pneumonioillesi essive pneumonianasi pneumonioinasi translative pneumoniaksesi pneumonioiksesi abessive pneumoniattasi pneumonioittasi instructive — — comitative — pneumonioinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative pneumoniamme pneumoniamme accusative nom. pneumoniamme pneumoniamme gen. pneumoniamme genitive pneumoniamme pneumonioidemme pneumonioittemme pneumoniaimme rare partitive pneumoniaamme pneumonioitamme inessive pneumoniassamme pneumonioissamme elative pneumoniastamme pneumonioistamme illative pneumoniaamme pneumonioihimme adessive pneumoniallamme pneumonioillamme ablative pneumonialtamme pneumonioiltamme allative pneumoniallemme pneumonioillemme essive pneumonianamme pneumonioinamme translative pneumoniaksemme pneumonioiksemme abessive pneumoniattamme pneumonioittamme instructive — — comitative — pneumonioinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative pneumonianne pneumonianne accusative nom. pneumonianne pneumonianne gen. pneumonianne genitive pneumonianne pneumonioidenne pneumonioittenne pneumoniainne rare partitive pneumoniaanne pneumonioitanne inessive pneumoniassanne pneumonioissanne elative pneumoniastanne pneumonioistanne illative pneumoniaanne pneumonioihinne adessive pneumoniallanne pneumonioillanne ablative pneumonialtanne pneumonioiltanne allative pneumoniallenne pneumonioillenne essive pneumoniananne pneumonioinanne translative pneumoniaksenne pneumonioiksenne abessive pneumoniattanne pneumonioittanne instructive — — comitative — pneumonioinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative pneumoniansa pneumoniansa accusative nom. pneumoniansa pneumoniansa gen. pneumoniansa genitive pneumoniansa pneumonioidensa pneumonioittensa pneumoniainsa rare partitive pneumoniaansa pneumonioitaan pneumonioitansa inessive pneumoniassaan pneumoniassansa pneumonioissaan pneumonioissansa elative pneumoniastaan pneumoniastansa pneumonioistaan pneumonioistansa illative pneumoniaansa pneumonioihinsa adessive pneumoniallaan pneumoniallansa pneumonioillaan pneumonioillansa ablative pneumonialtaan pneumonialtansa pneumonioiltaan pneumonioiltansa allative pneumonialleen pneumoniallensa pneumonioilleen pneumonioillensa essive pneumonianaan pneumonianansa pneumonioinaan pneumonioinansa translative pneumoniakseen pneumoniaksensa pneumonioikseen pneumonioiksensa abessive pneumoniattaan pneumoniattansa pneumonioittaan pneumonioittansa instructive — — comitative — pneumonioineen pneumonioinensa

Synonyms

• (pneumonia): keuhkokuume

Further reading

• “pneumonia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• pneumoni (Dutch-influenced)

Etymology

From Ancient Greek πνευμονία (pneumonía, “lung disease”), from πνεύμων (pneúmōn, “lung”) + -ία (-ía).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (standard) /pnew.mɔˈni.a/, (English-influenced) /newˈmɔ.ni.a/
• Rhymes: -ɔnia
• Hyphenation: pneu‧mo‧ni‧a

Noun

pneumonia

1. (pathology) pneumonia (an acute or chronic inflammation of the lungs caused by viruses, bacteria or other microorganisms, or sometimes by physical or chemical irritants)

   Synonym: (colloquial) paru-paru basah

Compounds

• pneumonia pneumosistis

Related terms

• pneumatifobia
• pneumatik
• pneumatika
• pneumatofos
• pneumatokista
• pneumokokus
• pneumokoniosis
• pneumonitis

Further reading

• “pneumonia”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Interlingua

Noun

pneumonia (plural pneumonias)

1. pneumonia

Related terms

• pneumonic

Portuguese

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Medieval Latin pneumonia, from Ancient Greek πνευμονία (pneumonía).

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pnew.moˈni.ɐ/ [pneʊ̯.moˈni.ɐ], /pi.new.moˈni.ɐ/ [pi.neʊ̯.moˈni.ɐ]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /pnew.moˈni.ɐ/ [pneʊ̯.moˈni.ɐ], /pi.new.moˈni.ɐ/ [pi.neʊ̯.moˈni.ɐ]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /pnew.moˈni.a/ [pneʊ̯.moˈni.a]

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /pnew.muˈni.ɐ/, /pɨ.new.muˈni.ɐ/

• Hyphenation: pneu‧mo‧ni‧a

Noun

pneumonia f (plural pneumonias)

1. (pathology) pneumonia (inflammation of the lungs)

Quotations

• For quotations using this term, see Citations:pneumonia.

Further reading

• “pneumonia”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “pneumonia”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026