rôtir

See also: rostir

French

Etymology

Inherited from Middle French roustir, from Old French rostir, from Frankish *rōstjan (“to roast”), from Proto-Germanic *raustijaną (“to roast”), from Proto-Indo-European *reus- (“to crackle, roast”). Germanic cognates include Old High German rōsten. Compare Italian arrostire and Spanish rostir.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʁo.tiʁ/

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Verb

rôtir

1. to roast

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of rôtir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	rôtir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	rôtissant /ʁo.ti.sɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		rôti /ʁo.ti/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	rôtis /ʁo.ti/	rôtis /ʁo.ti/	rôtit /ʁo.ti/	rôtissons /ʁo.ti.sɔ̃/	rôtissez /ʁo.ti.se/	rôtissent /ʁo.tis/
	imperfect	rôtissais /ʁo.ti.sɛ/	rôtissais /ʁo.ti.sɛ/	rôtissait /ʁo.ti.sɛ/	rôtissions /ʁo.ti.sjɔ̃/	rôtissiez /ʁo.ti.sje/	rôtissaient /ʁo.ti.sɛ/
	past historic2	rôtis /ʁo.ti/	rôtis /ʁo.ti/	rôtit /ʁo.ti/	rôtîmes /ʁo.tim/	rôtîtes /ʁo.tit/	rôtirent /ʁo.tiʁ/
	future	rôtirai /ʁo.ti.ʁe/	rôtiras /ʁo.ti.ʁa/	rôtira /ʁo.ti.ʁa/	rôtirons /ʁo.ti.ʁɔ̃/	rôtirez /ʁo.ti.ʁe/	rôtiront /ʁo.ti.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	rôtirais /ʁo.ti.ʁɛ/	rôtirais /ʁo.ti.ʁɛ/	rôtirait /ʁo.ti.ʁɛ/	rôtirions /ʁo.ti.ʁjɔ̃/	rôtiriez /ʁo.ti.ʁje/	rôtiraient /ʁo.ti.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	rôtisse /ʁo.tis/	rôtisses /ʁo.tis/	rôtisse /ʁo.tis/	rôtissions /ʁo.ti.sjɔ̃/	rôtissiez /ʁo.ti.sje/	rôtissent /ʁo.tis/
	imperfect2	rôtisse /ʁo.tis/	rôtisses /ʁo.tis/	rôtît /ʁo.ti/	rôtissions /ʁo.ti.sjɔ̃/	rôtissiez /ʁo.ti.sje/	rôtissent /ʁo.tis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	rôtis /ʁo.ti/	—	rôtissons /ʁo.ti.sɔ̃/	rôtissez /ʁo.ti.se/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• rôtissage
• rôtissement
• rôtissure
• se rôtir la couenne

 

Related terms

• rôt
• rôti
• rôtisserie

 

Further reading

• “rotir” in Dictionnaire français en ligne Larousse.
• “rôtir” in Émile Littré, Dictionnaire de la langue française, 1872–1877.
• “rotir” in Dictionnaire Le Robert.
• “rôtir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.