semer

French

Etymology

From Old French semer, from Latin sēmināre, present active infinitive of sēminō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sə.me/

• audio

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Verb

semer

1. to sow (scatter seed, etc.)
2. to shake off someone

Conjugation

This verb is conjugated mostly like the regular -er verbs (parler and chanter and so on), but the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-. For example, in the third-person singular present indicative, we have il sème rather than *il seme. Other verbs conjugated this way include lever and mener. Related but distinct conjugations include those of appeler and préférer.

Conjugation of semer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

present participle		semant /sə.mɑ̃/
past participle		semé /sə.me/
infinitive
simple		semer
compound		avoir + past participle
gerund1
simple		semant /sə.mɑ̃/
compound		ayant + past participle
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	sème /sɛm/	sèmes /sɛm/	sème /sɛm/	semons /sə.mɔ̃/	semez /sə.me/	sèment /sɛm/
	imperfect	semais /sə.mɛ/	semais /sə.mɛ/	semait /sə.mɛ/	semions /sə.mjɔ̃/	semiez /sə.mje/	semaient /sə.mɛ/
	past historic2	semai /sə.me/	semas /sə.ma/	sema /sə.ma/	semâmes /sə.mam/	semâtes /sə.mat/	semèrent /sə.mɛʁ/
	future	sèmerai /sɛm.ʁe/	sèmeras /sɛm.ʁa/	sèmera /sɛm.ʁa/	sèmerons /sɛm.ʁɔ̃/	sèmerez /sɛm.ʁe/	sèmeront /sɛm.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	sèmerais /sɛm.ʁɛ/	sèmerais /sɛm.ʁɛ/	sèmerait /sɛm.ʁɛ/	sèmerions /sɛ.mə.ʁjɔ̃/	sèmeriez /sɛ.mə.ʁje/	sèmeraient /sɛm.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	sème /sɛm/	sèmes /sɛm/	sème /sɛm/	semions /sə.mjɔ̃/	semiez /sə.mje/	sèment /sɛm/
	imperfect2	semasse /sə.mas/	semasses /sə.mas/	semât /sə.ma/	semassions /sə.ma.sjɔ̃/	semassiez /sə.ma.sje/	semassent /sə.mas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	sème /sɛm/	—	semons /sə.mɔ̃/	semez /sə.me/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 Only usable with preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• semence

Further reading

• “semer” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).

Anagrams

• mères

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Old French

Etymology

From Latin sēmināre, present active infinitive of sēminō.

Verb

semer

1. to sow (scatter seed, etc.)

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ms, *-mt are modified to ns, nt. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of semer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)

		simple			compound
infinitive		semer			avoir semé
gerund		en semant			Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle		semant
past participle		semé
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	il	nos	vos	il
simple tenses	present	sem	semes	seme	semons	semez	sement
	imperfect	semoie, semeie, semoe, semeve	semoies, semeies, semoes, semeves	semoit, semeit, semot, semeve	semiiens, semiens	semiiez, semiez	semoient, semeient, semoent, semevent
	preterite	semai	semas	sema	semames	semastes	semerent
	future	semerai	semeras	semera	semerons	semeroiz, semereiz, semerez	semeront
	conditional	semeroie, semereie	semeroies, semereies	semeroit, semereit	semeriiens, semeriens	semeriiez, semeriez	semeroient, semereient
compound tenses	present perfect	Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	past anterior	Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	future perfect	Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
	conditional perfect	Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive		que jo	que tu	qu’il	que nos	que vos	qu’il
simple tenses	present	sem	sens	sent	semons	semez	sement
	imperfect	semasse	semasses	semast	semissons, semissiens	semissoiz, semissez, semissiez	semassent
compound tenses	past	Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
	pluperfect	Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nos	vos	–
		—	seme	—	semons	semez	—

Related terms

• semance

Descendants

• French: semer
• Norman: s'maïr, s'mer

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Turkish

Etymology

From Greek σαμάρι (samári, “packsaddle”), diminutive of Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma, “packsaddle”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sɛmeɾ]
• Hyphenation: se‧mer

Noun

semer (definite accusative semeri, plural semerler)

1. packsaddle
2. (geology) anticline
3. (biology) clitellum

Declension

Inflection
Nominative	semer
Definite accusative	semeri
	Singular	Plural
Nominative	semer	semerler
Definite accusative	semeri	semerleri
Dative	semere	semerlere
Locative	semerde	semerlerde
Ablative	semerden	semerlerden
Genitive	semerin	semerlerin
Possessive forms Singular Plural 1st singular semerim semerlerim 2nd singular semerin semerlerin 3rd singular semeri semerleri 1st plural semerimiz semerlerimiz 2nd plural semeriniz semerleriniz 3rd plural semerleri semerleri

Derived terms

• semerci
• eşeğe altın semer vursalar yine eşektir