semer
French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Old French semer, from Latin sēmināre, present active infinitive of sēminō.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
semer
- to sow (scatter seed, etc.)
- to shake off someone
- (figuratively) to spread
- semer la zizanie, semer la pagaille, semer la terreur ― to spread discord, to spread disorder, to spread terror
Conjugation[edit]
This verb is conjugated mostly like the regular -er verbs (parler and chanter and so on), but the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-. For example, in the third-person singular present indicative, we have il sème rather than *il seme. Other verbs conjugated this way include lever and mener. Related but distinct conjugations include those of appeler and préférer.
infinitive | simple | semer | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | semant /sə.mɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | semé /sə.me/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | sème /sɛm/ |
sèmes /sɛm/ |
sème /sɛm/ |
semons /sə.mɔ̃/ |
semez /sə.me/ |
sèment /sɛm/ |
imperfect | semais /sə.mɛ/ |
semais /sə.mɛ/ |
semait /sə.mɛ/ |
semions /sə.mjɔ̃/ |
semiez /sə.mje/ |
semaient /sə.mɛ/ | |
past historic2 | semai /sə.me/ |
semas /sə.ma/ |
sema /sə.ma/ |
semâmes /sə.mam/ |
semâtes /sə.mat/ |
semèrent /sə.mɛʁ/ | |
future | sèmerai /sɛm.ʁe/ |
sèmeras /sɛm.ʁa/ |
sèmera /sɛm.ʁa/ |
sèmerons /sɛm.ʁɔ̃/ |
sèmerez /sɛm.ʁe/ |
sèmeront /sɛm.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | sèmerais /sɛm.ʁɛ/ |
sèmerais /sɛm.ʁɛ/ |
sèmerait /sɛm.ʁɛ/ |
sèmerions /sɛ.mə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /se.mə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
sèmeriez /sɛ.mə.ʁje/ or /se.mə.ʁje/ |
sèmeraient /sɛm.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | sème /sɛm/ |
sèmes /sɛm/ |
sème /sɛm/ |
semions /sə.mjɔ̃/ |
semiez /sə.mje/ |
sèment /sɛm/ |
imperfect2 | semasse /sə.mas/ |
semasses /sə.mas/ |
semât /sə.ma/ |
semassions /sə.ma.sjɔ̃/ |
semassiez /sə.ma.sje/ |
semassent /sə.mas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | sème /sɛm/ |
— | semons /sə.mɔ̃/ |
semez /sə.me/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “semer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Anagrams[edit]
Old French[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Latin sēmināre, present active infinitive of sēminō.
Verb[edit]
semer
- to sow (scatter seed, etc.)
Conjugation[edit]
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ms, *-mt are modified to ns, nt. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | semer | avoir semé | |||||
gerund | en semant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
present participle | semant | ||||||
past participle | semé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | sem | semes | seme | semons | semez | sement |
imperfect | semoie, semeie, semoe, semeve | semoies, semeies, semoes, semeves | semoit, semeit, semot, semeve | semiiens, semiens | semiiez, semiez | semoient, semeient, semoent, semevent | |
preterite | semai | semas | sema | semames | semastes | semerent | |
future | semerai | semeras | semera | semerons | semeroiz, semereiz, semerez | semeront | |
conditional | semeroie, semereie | semeroies, semereies | semeroit, semereit | semeriiens, semeriens | semeriiez, semeriez | semeroient, semereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | sem | sens | sent | semons | semez | sement |
imperfect | semasse | semasses | semast | semissons, semissiens | semissoiz, semissez, semissiez | semassent | |
compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | seme | — | semons | semez | — |
Related terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Turkish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Greek σαμάρι (samári, “packsaddle”), diminutive of Ancient Greek σάγμα (ságma, “packsaddle”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
semer (definite accusative semeri, plural semerler)
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms inherited from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French terms with usage examples
- French verbs with conjugation -e-er
- French first group verbs
- Old French terms inherited from Latin
- Old French terms derived from Latin
- Old French lemmas
- Old French verbs
- Old French verbs with weak-a preterite
- Old French first group verbs
- Old French verbs ending in -er
- Turkish terms derived from Greek
- Turkish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish nouns
- tr:Geology
- tr:Biology
- tr:Horse tack