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3-lit.
( transitive ) to slaughter , to kill , to slay
Conjugation of smꜣ (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: smꜣ , geminated stem: smꜣꜣ
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
smꜣ
smꜣw , smꜣ
smꜣt
smꜣ
smꜣ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
smꜣ
ḥr smꜣ
m smꜣ
r smꜣ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
smꜣ.n
smꜣw , smꜣ
consecutive
smꜣ.jn
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
smꜣt
perfective 3
smꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
obligative1
smꜣ.ḫr
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
smꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
smꜣ
smꜣꜣ
potentialis1
smꜣ.kꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
smꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
smꜣ.n
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
—
—
perfective
smꜣ
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
smꜣ
smꜣ , smꜣw 5 , smꜣy 5
imperfective
smꜣ , smꜣy , smꜣw 5
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
smꜣ , smꜣj 6 , smꜣy 6
smꜣ , smꜣw 5
prospective
smꜣ , smꜣtj 7
—
smꜣtj 4 , smꜣt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f /.fj , feminine .s /.sj , dual .sn /.snj , plural .sn .
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of smꜣ
smꜣw
smꜣ
From after the ꜣ became silent; the second m is thus actually a phonetic complement of the first mꜣ
m
wild bull
Declension of smꜣ (masculine)
James P[eter] Allen (2010 ) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs , 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN , pages 169, 186, 213 .
Hoch, James (1997 ) Middle Egyptian Grammar , Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN , page 96