szorong
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Hungarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finno-Ugric *śorɜ (“narrow”) + -ong (frequentative verb-forming suffix).[1][2]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
szorong
- (intransitive) to worry, be anxious, be tense, be in a state of angst
- Synonyms: aggódik, aggodalmaskodik, fél
- (intransitive) to be crowded together
- Synonyms: szűkösködik, kényelmetlenkedik, összezsúfolódik
Conjugation[edit]
conjugation of szorong
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | szorongok | szorongsz | szorong | szorongunk | szorongtok | szorongnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | szorongtam | szorongtál | szorongott | szorongtunk | szorongtatok | szorongtak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. szorongni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | szorongék | szorongál | szoronga | szorongánk | szorongátok | szorongának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. szorong vala, szorongott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | szorongandok | szorongandasz | szorongand | szorongandunk | szorongandotok | szorongandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | szorongnék | szorongnál | szorongna | szorongnánk | szorongnátok | szorongnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. szorongott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | szorongjak | szorongj or szorongjál |
szorongjon | szorongjunk | szorongjatok | szorongjanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. szorongott légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | szorongni | szorongnom | szorongnod | szorongnia | szorongnunk | szorongnotok | szorongniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| szorongás | szorongó | szorongott | ― | szorongva (szorongván) | |||||
potential conjugation of szorong
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | szoronghatok | szoronghatsz | szoronghat | szoronghatunk | szoronghattok | szoronghatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | szoronghattam | szoronghattál | szoronghatott | szoronghattunk | szoronghattatok | szoronghattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | szoronghaték | szoronghatál | szoronghata | szoronghatánk | szoronghatátok | szoronghatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. szoronghat vala, szoronghatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | szoronghatandok or szorongandhatok |
szoronghatandasz or szorongandhatsz |
szoronghatand or szorongandhat |
szoronghatandunk or szorongandhatunk |
szoronghatandotok or szorongandhattok |
szoronghatandanak or szorongandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | szoronghatnék | szoronghatnál | szoronghatna | szoronghatnánk | szoronghatnátok | szoronghatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. szoronghatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | szoronghassak | szoronghass or szoronghassál |
szoronghasson | szoronghassunk | szoronghassatok | szoronghassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. szoronghatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (szoronghatni) | (szoronghatnom) | (szoronghatnod) | (szoronghatnia) | (szoronghatnunk) | (szoronghatnotok) | (szoronghatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (szoronghatva / szoronghatván) | ||||
or (less commonly)
conjugation of szorong
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | szorongok | szorongasz | szorong | szorongunk | szorongotok or szorongtok |
szoronganak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | szorongtam | szorongtál | szorongott | szorongtunk | szorongtatok | szorongtak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. szorongani fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | szorongék | szorongál | szoronga | szorongánk | szorongátok | szorongának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. szorong vala, szorongott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | szorongandok | szorongandasz | szorongand | szorongandunk | szorongandotok | szorongandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | szoronganék | szoronganál | szorongana | szoronganánk | szoronganátok | szoronganának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. szorongott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | szorongjak | szorongj or szorongjál |
szorongjon | szorongjunk | szorongjatok | szorongjanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. szorongott légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | szorongani | szoronganom | szoronganod | szorongania | szoronganunk | szoronganotok | szoronganiuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| szorongás | szorongó | szorongott | ― | szorongva (szorongván) | |||||
potential conjugation of szorong
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | szoronghatok | szoronghatsz | szoronghat | szoronghatunk | szoronghattok | szoronghatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | szoronghattam | szoronghattál | szoronghatott | szoronghattunk | szoronghattatok | szoronghattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | szoronghaték | szoronghatál | szoronghata | szoronghatánk | szoronghatátok | szoronghatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. szoronghat vala, szoronghatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | szoronghatandok or szorongandhatok |
szoronghatandasz or szorongandhatsz |
szoronghatand or szorongandhat |
szoronghatandunk or szorongandhatunk |
szoronghatandotok or szorongandhattok |
szoronghatandanak or szorongandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | szoronghatnék | szoronghatnál | szoronghatna | szoronghatnánk | szoronghatnátok | szoronghatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. szoronghatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | szoronghassak | szoronghass or szoronghassál |
szoronghasson | szoronghassunk | szoronghassatok | szoronghassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. szoronghatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (szoronghatni) | (szoronghatnom) | (szoronghatnod) | (szoronghatnia) | (szoronghatnunk) | (szoronghatnotok) | (szoronghatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (szoronghatva / szoronghatván) | ||||
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Entry #979 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
- ^ szorong in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading[edit]
- szorong in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN