trapezium

English

Etymology

Recorded since 1570, learned borrowing from Late Latin trapezium, from Ancient Greek τραπέζιον (trapézion, “irregular quadrilateral”, literally “a little table”), diminutive of τράπεζα (trápeza, “table”). Doublet of trapeze.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɹəˈpiː.zi.əm/

• (General American, also) IPA^(key): /tɹæˈpi.zi.əm/

• Audio (General Australian):

  (file)

Noun

trapezium (plural trapeziums or trapezia)

1. (geometry, British, Australia, New Zealand) A quadrilateral with two sides parallel.

   Hyponym: parallelogram

   1. (restrictively) A quadrilateral with two sides parallel and two sides non-parallel.
2. (geometry, US, dated) A four-sided polygon with no parallel sides and no sides equal; a simple convex irregular quadrilateral.
3. (anatomy) The trapezium bone of the wrist.
4. A region on the ventral side of the brain, either just back of the pons Varolii, or, as in man, covered by the posterior extension of its transverse fibers.

Usage notes

• (geometry): The terms trapezium and trapezoid have swapped meanings in the US and Canada as compared with the rest of the world.

Synonyms

• (archaic) trapeze
• (geometry, British, four-sided polygon with two parallel sides): (US) trapezoid
• (geometry, US, four-sided polygon with no sides parallel and no equal sides): (British) trapezoid, (British) irregular quadrilateral.

Derived terms

• trapezium rule

 

Related terms

• trapeze
• trapeziform
• trapezius
• trapezoid

Translations

polygon with two parallel sides

• Arabic: (used in Egypt) شِبْهُ مُنْحَرِفٍ (šibhu munḥarifin)
• Armenian: սեղան (hy) (seġan)
• Basque: trapezio
• Bengali: ট্রাপিজিয়াম (ṭrapijiẏam)
• Bulgarian: трапец (bg) m (trapec)
• Catalan: trapezi (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 梯形 (zh) (tīxíng)

• Czech: lichoběžník (cs) m
• Danish: trapez n
• Dutch: trapezium (nl) n
• Esperanto: trapezo
• Finnish: puolisuunnikas (fi)
• French: trapèze (fr) m
• Galician: trapecio (gl) m, trapezoide (gl) m
• German: Paralleltrapez n, Trapez (de) n
• Greek: τραπέζιο (el) n (trapézio)

  Ancient: τραπέζιον n (trapézion)

• Hebrew: טְרָפֶּז (he) m (trapéz)
• Hindi: समलंब (hi) m (samlamb)
• Hungarian: trapéz (hu)
• Ido: trapezo (io)
• Indonesian: trapesium (id)
• Italian: trapezio (it) m
• Japanese: 台形 (ja) (daikei), 梯形 (ja) (teikei) (dated)
• Khmer: ចតុកោណព្នាយ (km) (caʼtokaon pniəy)
• Korean: 사다리꼴 (ko) (sadarikkol), 제형(梯形) (jehyeong) (dated)
• Latin: trapezoides, trapezion n, mensula f
• Latvian: trapece (lv) f
• Lithuanian: trapecija (lt) f
• Macedonian: трапез m (trapez)
• Maori: taparara
• Navajo: heetsʼóozgo dikʼą́
• Persian: زنخدار (zanaxdâr), ذوزنقه (fa) (zuzanaqe)
• Polish: trapez (pl) m inan
• Portuguese: trapézio (pt) m
• Russian: трапе́ция (ru) f (trapécija)
• Spanish: trapecio (es) m
• Swedish: trapets (sv) n
• Tagalog: tagigapay
• Thai: สี่เหลี่ยมคางหมู (th) (sìi-lìiam-kaang-mǔu)
• Turkish: yamuk (tr)
• Vietnamese: hình thang (vi) (形簜)

polygon with no parallel sides and no equal sides

• Arabic: (used in Egypt) شِبْهُ مُنْحَرِفٍ (šibhu munḥarifin)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 不等邊四邊形／不等边四边形 (bùděngbiānsìbiānxíng)

• Czech: čtyřúhelník (cs)
• Dutch: trapezoïde (nl)
• Esperanto: trapezo
• Finnish: nelikulmio (fi)
• French: trapézoïde (fr) m
• German: Trapezoid n, Trapez (de) n
• Greek: τραπέζιο (el) n (trapézio)

  Ancient: τραπέζιον n (trapézion)

• Hebrew: טְרָפֶּז (he) m (trapéz)
• Ido: trapezo (io)
• Indonesian: trapezoid (id)
• Italian: trapezoide (it) m
• Japanese: 不等辺四辺形 (futōhenshihenkei)
• Korean: 부등변사변형(不等邊四邊形) (budeungbyeonsabyeonhyeong)
• Latin: trapezium n, trapezoides
• Macedonian: трапезои́д m (trapezoíd)
• Persian: زنخدار (zanaxdâr), ذوزنقه (fa) (zuzanaqe)
• Polish: trapezoid (pl) m inan
• Spanish: trapezoide (es) m
• Swedish: trapetsoid c

bone

• Bulgarian: трапецовидна кост f (trapecovidna kost)
• Catalan: trapezi (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 大多角骨 (dàduōjiǎogǔ)

• French: trapèze (fr) m
• Galician: trapecio (gl) m
• Japanese: 大菱形骨 (ja) (dairyōkeikotsu)
• Korean: 큰마름뼈 (keunmareumppyeo), 대능형골(大菱形骨) (daeneunghyeonggol)
• Persian: ذوزنقه (fa) (zuzanaqe)
• Portuguese: trapézio (pt) m
• Spanish: trapecio (es) m
• Vietnamese: xương thang (𩩫簜)

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Late Latin trapezium, from Ancient Greek τραπέζιον (trapézion, “irregular quadrilateral”), diminutive of τράπεζα (trápeza, “table”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /trɑˈpeːzɪʏm/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

trapezium n (plural trapeziums or trapezia, diminutive trapeziumpje n)

1. (geometry) a trapezium, trapezoid, a quadrilateral with two sides parallel

Related terms

• trapezoïde

Latin

Etymology

Late Latin; from Ancient Greek τραπέζιον (trapézion, “irregular quadrilateral”, literally “a little table”), diminutive of τράπεζα (trápeza, “table”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /traˈpez.zi.um/, [t̪räˈpɛz̪d̪͡z̪iʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /traˈped.d͡zi.um/, [t̪räˈpɛd̪ː͡z̪ium]

Noun

trapezium n (genitive trapeziī or trapezī); second declension

1. trapezium, trapezoid (four-sided shape with no sides parallel and no equal sides)

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	trapezium	trapezia
Genitive	trapeziī trapezī1	trapeziōrum
Dative	trapeziō	trapeziīs
Accusative	trapezium	trapezia
Ablative	trapeziō	trapeziīs
Vocative	trapezium	trapezia

¹Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Descendants

Descendants of trapezium

• Catalan: trapezi
• → Danish: trapez
• → Dutch: trapezium
• French: trapèze
  • → English: trapeze
  • → Romanian: trapez
  • → Turkish: trapez
• → English: trapezium
• → German: Trapez
• Galician: trapecio
• Italian: trapezio
• → Polish: trapez
• Portuguese: trapézio
• → Russian: трапеция (trapecija)
• → Serbo-Croatian: tràpēz
• Spanish: trapecio