turpis

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *terkʷ- (to turn). See torqueō.

Pronunciation

Adjective

turpis (neuter turpe, comparative turpior, superlative turpissimus, adverb turpiter); third-declension two-termination adjective

  1. ugly, unsightly; foul, filthy
    • Attributed to Ennius by Cicero in Dē nātūrā deōrum, Book I, Chapter XXXV
      Sīmia quam similis turpissima bēstia nōbīs!
      How similar to us is that most vile beast, the ape!
  2. (of sound) cacophonous, disagreeable
  3. (figuratively) base, infamous, scandalous, dishonorable, shameful, disgraceful

Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masc./Fem. Neuter Masc./Fem. Neuter
Nominative turpis turpe turpēs turpia
Genitive turpis turpium
Dative turpī turpibus
Accusative turpem turpe turpēs
turpīs
turpia
Ablative turpī turpibus
Vocative turpis turpe turpēs turpia

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Albanian: turp
  • English: turpid
  • French: turpide
  • Hungarian: turpisság

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References

  • turpis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • turpis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • turpis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • a virtuous (immoral) life: vita honesta (turpis)
    • to follow virtue; to flee from vice: honesta expetere; turpia fugere