κάλαθος
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Compared by Beekes to γυργαθός (gurgathós), κύαθος (kúathos) and ὁρμαθός (hormathós) and declared Pre-Greek.
Contended by Rosół as from Egyptian krḥt (“a basket for fruits as well as for flowers”), after a previous suggestion by Bernal of qrḥt (“pot”), which is both implausible, due the specific form of the containers and phonetic shapes in question.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ká.la.tʰos/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈka.la.tʰos/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈka.la.θos/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈka.la.θos/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈka.la.θos/
Noun
[edit]κᾰ́λᾰθος • (kálathos) m (genitive κᾰλᾰ́θου); second declension
- basket narrow at the base
- (architecture) capital of a column
- cooler, especially for wine
- mould for casting iron
- reservoir of an oil lamp
Inflection
[edit]Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nominative | ὁ κᾰ́λᾰθος ho kálathos |
τὼ κᾰλᾰ́θω tṑ kaláthō |
οἱ κᾰ́λᾰθοι hoi kálathoi | ||||||||||
Genitive | τοῦ κᾰλᾰ́θου toû kaláthou |
τοῖν κᾰλᾰ́θοιν toîn kaláthoin |
τῶν κᾰλᾰ́θων tôn kaláthōn | ||||||||||
Dative | τῷ κᾰλᾰ́θῳ tôi kaláthōi |
τοῖν κᾰλᾰ́θοιν toîn kaláthoin |
τοῖς κᾰλᾰ́θοις toîs kaláthois | ||||||||||
Accusative | τὸν κᾰ́λᾰθον tòn kálathon |
τὼ κᾰλᾰ́θω tṑ kaláthō |
τοὺς κᾰλᾰ́θους toùs kaláthous | ||||||||||
Vocative | κᾰ́λᾰθε kálathe |
κᾰλᾰ́θω kaláthō |
κᾰ́λᾰθοι kálathoi | ||||||||||
Notes: |
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Derived terms
[edit]- καλαθηφόρος (kalathēphóros)
- καλάθιον (kaláthion)
- καλαθίσκιον (kalathískion)
- καλαθίσκος (kalathískos)
- καλαθοειδής (kalathoeidḗs)
- καλαθοπλόκος (kalathoplókos)
- καλαθοποιός (kalathopoiós)
- καλάθωσις (kaláthōsis)
Descendants
[edit]- → Classical Syriac: ܩܠܬܐ (qaltā)
- → Latin: calathus
- → Georgian: კალათა (ḳalata), კალათი (ḳalati)
- → Laz: კალათი (ǩalati)
- → Old Armenian: կեղթ (kełtʻ), կաղթ (kałtʻ)
Further reading
[edit]- “κάλαθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “κάλαθος”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- κάλαθος in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1973) “կեղթ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume II, Yerevan: University Press, page 569
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
- Bernal, Martin (2006) Black Athena. Volume III. The Linguistic Evidence, New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, →ISBN, page 446
- Hoch, James E. (1994) Semitic Words in Egyptian Texts of the New Kingdom and Third Intermediate Period, Princeton: Princeton University Press, →ISBN, page 331
- Rosół, Rafał (2010) “Griechisch κάλαθος – ein ägyptisches Lehnwort?”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics (in German), volume 123, , pages 176–180
- Mahlich, Elena (2022) “κάλαθος – doch kein ägyptisches Lehnwort?”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics (in German), volume 135, , pages 215–219
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek nouns
- Ancient Greek proparoxytone terms
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns
- Ancient Greek second-declension nouns
- Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension
- grc:Architecture
- grc:Containers