بدعة

See also: بدعت

Arabic

Root
ب د ع (b-d-ʕ)

Etymology

Instance noun of بَدَعَ (badaʕa).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bid.ʕa/

Noun

بِدْعَة • (bidʕa) f (plural بِدْعَات (bidʕāt) or بِدَع (bidaʕ))

1. (now rare) an innovation; an invention

   Synonyms: (largely modern) اِبْتِكَار (ibtikār), (modern) اِخْتِرَاع (iḵtirāʕ)

2. (derogatory, religion) a practice, custom, habit, ritual, observance, belief, idea, thesis, proposition, view, doctrine, or philosophy that has arisen reputedly outside the religious law and ordinances; a novelty

   Synonym: مُحْدَثَة (muḥdaṯa)

   • 7th century CE, Ṣaḥīḥ al-Buḵāriyy, 31:3:

     عَنْ عَبْدِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ بْنِ عَبْدٍ ٱلْقَارِيِّ، أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «خَرَجْتُ مَعَ عُمَرَ بْنِ ٱلْخَطَّابِ —⁠رَضِيَ ٱللَّٰهُ عَنْهُ⁠— لَيْلَةً فِي رَمَضَانَ، إِلَى ٱلْمَسْجِدِ، فَإِذَا ٱلنَّاسُ أَوْزَاعٌ مُتَفَرِّقُونَ يُصَلِّي ٱلرَّجُلُ لِنَفْسِهِ، وَيُصَلِّي ٱلرَّجُلُ فَيُصَلِّي بِصَلَاتِهِ ٱلرَّهْطُ. فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: «إِنِّي أَرَى لَوْ جَمَعْتُ هَٰؤُلَاءِ عَلَى قَارِئٍ وَاحِدٍ لَكَانَ أَمْثَلَ‏»،‏ ثُمَّ عَزَمَ فَجَمَعَهُمْ عَلَى أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ، ثُمَّ خَرَجْتُ مَعَهُ لَيْلَةً أُخْرَى، وَٱلنَّاسُ يُصَلُّونَ بِصَلَاةِ قَارِئِهِمْ. قَالَ عُمَرُ: «نِعْمَ ٱلْبِدْعَةُ هَذِهِ، وَٱلَّتِي يَنَامُونَ عَنْهَا أَفْضَلُ مِنَ ٱلَّتِي يَقُومُونَ‏.‏» يُرِيدُ آخِرَ ٱللَّيْلِ، وَكَانَ ٱلنَّاسُ يَقُومُونَ أَوَّلَهُ‏.»‏

     ʕan ʕabdi r-raḥmāni bni ʕabdin l-qāriyyi, ʔannahu qāla: “ḵarajtu maʕa ʕumara bni l-ḵaṭṭābi —⁠raḍiya llāhu ʕanhu⁠— laylatan fī ramaḍāna, ʔilā l-masjidi, faʔiḏā n-nāsu ʔawzāʕun mutafarriqūna yuṣallī r-rajulu linafsihi, wayuṣallī r-rajulu fayuṣallī biṣalātihi r-rahṭu. faqāla ʕumaru: “ʔinnī ʔarā law jamaʕtu hāʔulāʔi ʕalā qāriʔin wāḥidin lakāna ʔamṯala”, ṯumma ʕazama fajamaʕahum ʕalā ʔubayyi bni kaʕbin, ṯumma ḵarajtu maʕahu laylatan ʔuḵrā, wan-nāsu yuṣallūna biṣalāti qāriʔihim. qāla ʕumaru: “niʕma l-bidʕatu haḏihi, wallatī yanāmūna ʕanhā ʔafḍalu mina llatī yaqūmūna.” yurīdu ʔāḵira l-layli, wakāna n-nāsu yaqūmūna ʔawwalahu.”

     From ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Qārī, [it was related] that he [ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Qārī] said, "I went out with ʿUmar ibn al-Ḵaṭṭāb, may Allah be pleased with him, on some night in Ramaḍān to the mosque, and the people meanwhile were knots, sitting apart, each man praying alone or before some covey. 'I suspect,' ʿUmar said, 'if I gathered these people together behind one reciter, it would be more ideal.' Thus, he resolved to it, and called them together behind ʾUbay ibn Kaʿb. Thereafter, I went out with him another night, and the people were praying behind one reciter. 'Ah!' he said, 'what an excellent innovation this is! And the one they sleep through is better than that which they rise to', meaning the end of the nighttime, as people would rise up at its start."

Declension

Declension of noun بِدْعَة (bidʕa)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بِدْعَة bidʕa	الْبِدْعَة al-bidʕa	بِدْعَة bidʕat
Nominative	بِدْعَةٌ bidʕatun	الْبِدْعَةُ al-bidʕatu	بِدْعَةُ bidʕatu
Accusative	بِدْعَةً bidʕatan	الْبِدْعَةَ al-bidʕata	بِدْعَةَ bidʕata
Genitive	بِدْعَةٍ bidʕatin	الْبِدْعَةِ al-bidʕati	بِدْعَةِ bidʕati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بِدْعَتَيْن bidʕatayn	الْبِدْعَتَيْن al-bidʕatayn	بِدْعَتَيْ bidʕatay
Nominative	بِدْعَتَانِ bidʕatāni	الْبِدْعَتَانِ al-bidʕatāni	بِدْعَتَا bidʕatā
Accusative	بِدْعَتَيْنِ bidʕatayni	الْبِدْعَتَيْنِ al-bidʕatayni	بِدْعَتَيْ bidʕatay
Genitive	بِدْعَتَيْنِ bidʕatayni	الْبِدْعَتَيْنِ al-bidʕatayni	بِدْعَتَيْ bidʕatay
Plural	sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	بِدْعَات‎; بِدَع bidʕāt‎; bidaʕ	الْبِدْعَات‎; الْبِدَع al-bidʕāt‎; al-bidaʕ	بِدْعَات‎; بِدَع bidʕāt‎; bidaʕ
Nominative	بِدْعَاتٌ‎; بِدَعٌ bidʕātun‎; bidaʕun	الْبِدْعَاتُ‎; الْبِدَعُ al-bidʕātu‎; al-bidaʕu	بِدْعَاتُ‎; بِدَعُ bidʕātu‎; bidaʕu
Accusative	بِدْعَاتٍ‎; بِدَعًا bidʕātin‎; bidaʕan	الْبِدْعَاتِ‎; الْبِدَعَ al-bidʕāti‎; al-bidaʕa	بِدْعَاتِ‎; بِدَعَ bidʕāti‎; bidaʕa
Genitive	بِدْعَاتٍ‎; بِدَعٍ bidʕātin‎; bidaʕin	الْبِدْعَاتِ‎; الْبِدَعِ al-bidʕāti‎; al-bidaʕi	بِدْعَاتِ‎; بِدَعِ bidʕāti‎; bidaʕi

Derived terms

• بِدْعِيّ (bidʕiyy)

Descendants

• Malay: bidaah (“heresy”)