वि

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ৱি (Assamese script)
• ᬯᬶ (Balinese script)
• বি (Bengali script)
• 𑰪𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀯𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ဝိ (Burmese script)
• વિ (Gujarati script)
• ਵਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌵𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦮꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂫𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ವಿ (Kannada script)
• វិ (Khmer script)
• ວິ (Lao script)
• വി (Malayalam script)
• ᠸᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘪𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠸᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧊𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐰𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଵି (Odia script)
• ꢮꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆮𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖪𑖰 (Siddham script)
• වි (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩾𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚦𑚮 (Takri script)
• வி (Tamil script)
• వి (Telugu script)
• วิ (Thai script)
• ཝི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒫𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨭𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʋí/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ʋi/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *wí, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *wí, from Proto-Indo-European *wi. Cognate with elements of Hittite [script needed] (na-wi, “not yet”) and Old English wiþ (English with).

Alternative forms

• वि- (vi-) (combining form)

Adverb

वि • (ví)

1. apart
2. asunder
3. in different directions
4. to and fro, about
5. away, away from
6. off
7. without

Preposition

वि • (ví) (+ accusative)

1. through
2. between

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *Hwíṣ, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *Hwíš, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwis (“bird”). Cognate with Latin avis (“bird”), Ancient Greek ἀετός (aetós, “eagle”), Avestan 𐬬𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀 (vaiia).

Alternative forms

• वय् (vay)

Noun

वि • (ví) stem, m

1. a bird
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.48.6:

     वि या सृजति समनं व्यर्थिनः पदं न वेत्योदती।
     वयो नकिष्टे पप्तिवांस आसते व्युष्टौ वाजिनीवति॥

     vi yā sṛjati samanaṃ vy arthinaḥ padaṃ na vety odatī
     vayo nakiṣ ṭe paptivāṃsa āsate vyuṣṭau vājinīvati

     She sends the busy forth, each man to his pursuit: delay she knows not as she springs.
     O rich in opulence, after thy dawning birds that have flown forth no longer rest.

Inflection

Masculine i-stem declension of वि (ví)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	विः / वेः víḥ / véḥ	वी vī́	वयः váyaḥ
Vocative	वे vé	वी vī́	वयः váyaḥ
Accusative	विम् vím	वी vī́	वीन् vī́n
Instrumental	विना / व्या¹ vínā / vyā́¹	विभ्याम् víbhyām	विभिः víbhiḥ
Dative	वये váye	विभ्याम् víbhyām	विभ्यः víbhyaḥ
Ablative	वेः / व्यः¹ véḥ / vyáḥ¹	विभ्याम् víbhyām	विभ्यः víbhyaḥ
Genitive	वेः / व्यः¹ véḥ / vyáḥ¹	व्योः vyóḥ	वीनाम् vīnā́m
Locative	वौ / वा¹ vaú / vā́¹	व्योः vyóḥ	विषु víṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “वि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 949/3.