सागर

See also: सींगार

Awadhi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सागर (sāgara).

Noun

सागर (sāgar) m

1. sea
2. collection, repository
   • c. 1600, Tulsidas, Hanumān cālīsā :

     जय हनुमान ज्ञान गुन सागर
     जय कपीस तिहुँ लोक उजागर

     jay hanumān jñān gun sāgar
     jay kapīs tihũ lok ujāgar

     Victory to Thee, O Hanuman, the ocean of wisdom and virtue.
     Victory to the Lord of apes, the one who is known in the three worlds.

Bhojpuri

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सागर (sāgara).

Noun

सागर (sāgar) m (Kaithi 𑂮𑂰𑂏𑂩)

1. sea

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सागर (sāgara).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /sɑː.ɡəɾ/, [säː.ɡɐɾ]

Noun

सागर • (sāgar) m (Urdu spelling ساگر)

1. ocean, sea

   सागर में एक बूँद के समान है।

   sāgar mẽ ek bū̃d ke samān hai.

   It is like a drop in the ocean.

2. (figuratively) a repository, store, or collection of something

   शब्दसागर ― śabdsāgar ― sea of words; dictionary

Declension

Declension of सागर (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	सागर sāgar	सागर sāgar
oblique	सागर sāgar	सागरों sāgarõ
vocative	सागर sāgar	सागरो sāgaro

Synonyms

• समुद्र (samudra)

References

• Bahri, Hardev (1989) “सागर”, in Siksarthi Hindi-Angrejhi Sabdakosa [Learners' Hindi-English Dictionary], Delhi: Rajpal & Sons.
• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “सागर”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “सागर”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Further reading

• John T. Platts (2012 March 9 (last accessed)) “A Dictionary of Urdu, Classical Hindi, and English”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)‎^[1]

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सागर (sāgara).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sa.ɡəɾ/

Noun

सागर • (sāgar) m

1. (sciences) sea

   Synonym: समुद्र (samudra)

Declension

Declension of सागर (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	सागर sāgar
direct plural	सागर sāgar
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	सागर sāgar		सागर sāgar
oblique सामान्यरूप	सागरा sāgarā		सागरां- sāgarān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	सागराला sāgarālā		सागरांना sāgarānnā
ergative	सागराने, सागरानं sāgarāne, sāgarāna		सागरांनी sāgarānnī
instrumental	सागराशी sāgarāśī		सागरांशी sāgarānśī
locative सप्तमी	सागरात sāgarāt		सागरांत sāgarāt
vocative संबोधन	सागरा sāgarā		सागरांनो sāgarānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of सागर (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	सागराचा sāgarāċā	सागराचे sāgarāċe	सागराची sāgarācī	सागराच्या sāgarācā	सागराचे, सागराचं sāgarāċe, sāgarāċa	सागराची sāgarācī	सागराच्या sāgarācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	सागरांचा sāgarānċā	सागरांचे sāgarānċe	सागरांची sāgarāñcī	सागरांच्या sāgarāncā	सागरांचे, सागरांचं sāgarānċe, sāgarānċa	सागरांची sāgarāñcī	सागरांच्या sāgarāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• महासागर (mahāsāgar, “ocean”)
• सागरगोटा (sāgargoṭā)
• सागरी (sāgrī)

 

References

• Berntsen, Maxine, “सागर”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “सागर”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Shridhar Ganesh Vaze (1911) “सागर”, in The Aryabhusan School Dictionary, Poona: Arya-Bhushan Press
• दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “सागर”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• সাগৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬲᬵᬕᬭ (Balinese script)
• সাগর (Bengali script)
• 𑰭𑰯𑰐𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀲𑀸𑀕𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• သာဂရ (Burmese script)
• સાગર (Gujarati script)
• ਸਾਗਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌸𑌾𑌗𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦱꦴꦒꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂮𑂰𑂏𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಸಾಗರ (Kannada script)
• សាគរ (Khmer script)
• ສາຄຣ (Lao script)
• സാഗര (Malayalam script)
• ᠰᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡤᠠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘭𑘰𑘐𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᠰᠠᢗᠺᠠᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧍𑧑𑦰𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐳𑐵𑐐𑐬 (Newa script)
• ସାଗର (Odia script)
• ꢱꢵꢔꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆱𑆳𑆓𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖭𑖯𑖐𑖨 (Siddham script)
• සාගර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑪁𑩛𑩞𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚨𑚭𑚌𑚤 (Takri script)
• ஸாக³ர (Tamil script)
• సాగర (Telugu script)
• สาคร (Thai script)
• སཱ་ག་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒮𑒰𑒑𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨰𑨊𑨍𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Vṛddhi derivative of सगर (sagara, “ocean, sea”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /sɑː.ɡɐ.ɾɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪ɑː.ɡɐ.ɾɐ/

Noun

सागर • (sāgara) stem, m

1. ocean

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सागर (sāgara)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सागरः sāgaraḥ	सागरौ / सागरा¹ sāgarau / sāgarā¹	सागराः / सागरासः¹ sāgarāḥ / sāgarāsaḥ¹
Vocative	सागर sāgara	सागरौ / सागरा¹ sāgarau / sāgarā¹	सागराः / सागरासः¹ sāgarāḥ / sāgarāsaḥ¹
Accusative	सागरम् sāgaram	सागरौ / सागरा¹ sāgarau / sāgarā¹	सागरान् sāgarān
Instrumental	सागरेण sāgareṇa	सागराभ्याम् sāgarābhyām	सागरैः / सागरेभिः¹ sāgaraiḥ / sāgarebhiḥ¹
Dative	सागराय sāgarāya	सागराभ्याम् sāgarābhyām	सागरेभ्यः sāgarebhyaḥ
Ablative	सागरात् sāgarāt	सागराभ्याम् sāgarābhyām	सागरेभ्यः sāgarebhyaḥ
Genitive	सागरस्य sāgarasya	सागरयोः sāgarayoḥ	सागराणाम् sāgarāṇām
Locative	सागरे sāgare	सागरयोः sāgarayoḥ	सागरेषु sāgareṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Synonyms

• अर्णव (arṇava) ("foamy (sea)")
• समुद्र (samudra)

Descendants

• Pali: sāgara
  • → Old Javanese: sāgara
    • Javanese: ꦱꦒꦫ (sagara, ngoko), ꦱꦼꦒꦫ (segara)
    • Javanese: ꦱꦒꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (saganten, krama), ꦱꦼꦒꦤ꧀ꦠꦼꦤ꧀ (seganten)
    • → Balinese: ᬲᬵᬕᬭ (sagara, segara), ᬲᬕᬭ (sagara)
  • → Malay: segara
    • Indonesian: segara
  • → Sundanese: ᮞᮌᮛ (sagara)
• Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀕𑀭 (sāgara), 𑀲𑀸𑀬𑀭 (sāyara), 𑀲𑀸𑀅𑀭 (sāara)
  • Old Hindi: सायर (sāyara)
  • Assamese: হাৱৰ (hawor)
  • Bengali: সায়র (śaẏor), হাওর (haōr)
  • Sylheti: ꠀꠅꠞ (aor)
• → Assamese: সাগৰ (xagor)
• → Bengali: সাগর (śagor)
  • → Rohingya: cáigor
  • → Sylheti: ꠡꠣꠉꠞ (śagor)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: सागर m (sāgar)

  Urdu: ساگر m

• → Marathi: सागर (sāgar)
• → Sindhi: ساگر m
• → Sinhalese: සාගරය (sāgaraya)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “सागर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1198/2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 685