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Chinese[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
| Rime
|
| Character
|
不
|
不
|
不
|
啻
|
| Reading #
|
1/3
|
2/3
|
3/3
|
1/1
|
| Initial (聲)
|
幫 (1)
|
幫 (1)
|
幫 (1)
|
書 (26)
|
| Final (韻)
|
尤 (136)
|
尤 (136)
|
文 (60)
|
支 (11)
|
| Tone (調)
|
Level (Ø)
|
Rising (X)
|
Checked (Ø)
|
Departing (H)
|
| Openness (開合)
|
Open
|
Open
|
Closed
|
Open
|
| Division (等)
|
III
|
III
|
III
|
III
|
| Fanqie
|
甫鳩切
|
方久切
|
分勿切
|
施智切
|
| Baxter
|
pjuw
|
pjuwX
|
pjut
|
syeH
|
| Reconstructions
|
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
|
/pɨu/
|
/pɨuX/
|
/pɨut̚/
|
/ɕiᴇH/
|
Pan
Wuyun
|
/piu/
|
/piuX/
|
/piut̚/
|
/ɕiɛH/
|
Shao
Rongfen
|
/piəu/
|
/piəuX/
|
/piuət̚/
|
/ɕjɛH/
|
Edwin
Pulleyblank
|
/puw/
|
/puwX/
|
/put̚/
|
/ɕiə̆H/
|
Li
Rong
|
/piu/
|
/piuX/
|
/piuət̚/
|
/ɕieH/
|
Wang
Li
|
/pĭəu/
|
/pĭəuX/
|
/pĭuət̚/
|
/ɕǐeH/
|
Bernard
Karlgren
|
/pi̯ə̯u/
|
/pi̯ə̯uX/
|
/pi̯uət̚/
|
/ɕie̯H/
|
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
|
fōu
|
fǒu
|
fu
|
shì
|
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
|
fau1
|
fau2
|
fat1
|
si3
|
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
|
| Character
|
不
|
| Reading #
|
1/2
|
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
|
bù
|
Middle
Chinese
|
‹ pjuw ›
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*pə/
|
| English
|
not
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:
* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;
* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
|
| Zhengzhang system (2003)
|
| Character
|
不
|
不
|
不
|
啻
|
| Reading #
|
1/3
|
2/3
|
3/3
|
1/1
|
| No.
|
1025
|
1029
|
1048
|
2322
|
Phonetic
component
|
不
|
不
|
不
|
帝
|
Rime
group
|
之
|
之
|
物
|
賜
|
Rime
subdivision
|
0
|
0
|
1
|
0
|
Corresponding
MC rime
|
不
|
缶
|
弗
|
翅
|
Old
Chinese
|
/*pɯ/
|
/*pɯʔ/
|
/*pɯ'/
|
/*hljeɡs/
|
| Notes
|
|
象花柎與本同源
|
中古才促化
|
|
不啻
- (literary, chiefly for emphasis) to be no less than; to exceed
- (literary) to be tantamount to
Synonyms[edit]
- (to be no less than): 不止 (bùzhǐ)
- (to be tantamount to):
- 似 (ci5) (Cantonese, Classical Chinese)
- 似乎 (sìhū)
- 似如 (si4 y2) (Xiang)
- 像 (xiàng)
- 像係／像系 (Hakka)
- 像是 (xiàngshì)
- 儼如／俨如 (yǎnrú) (literary)
- 儼然／俨然 (yǎnrán)
- 儼若／俨若 (yǎnruò) (literary)
- 勝如／胜如 (5sen-zy) (Wu)
- 好似 (hǎosì)
- 好像 (hǎoxiàng)
- 如同 (rútóng)
- 好比 (hǎobǐ)
- 宛 (Classical Chinese, or compounds only)
- 宛如 (wǎnrú) (literary)
- 宛然 (wǎnrán) (literary)
- 宛若 (wǎnruò) (literary)
- 就像 (jiùxiàng)
- 彷彿／仿佛 (fǎngfú)
- 忽如 (hūrú) (literary)
- 恍若 (huǎngruò)
- 敢若 (Hokkien)
- 敢若是 (Hokkien)
- 𣍐輸／𫧃输 (bē-su) (Hokkien)
- 有如 (yǒurú) (formal)
- 猶似／犹似 (yóusì) (literary)
- 猶像／犹像 (yóuxiàng) (literary)
- 猶如／犹如 (yóurú) (formal)
- 甲像 (Hokkien)
- 甲像是 (Hokkien)
- 甲親像／甲亲像 (Hokkien)
- 看上去 (kàn shàngqù)
- 看似 (kànsì)
- 看來／看来 (kànlái)
- 看樣子／看样子 (kànyàngzi)
- 看起來／看起来 (kànqilai)
- 若 (Classical Chinese, or compounds only)
- 若像 (Hokkien)
- 若親像／若亲像 (Hokkien)
- 表面上 (biǎomiànshang)
- 親像／亲像 (Hakka, Hokkien)
- 象 (xiàng)
- 貌似 (màosì)
- 賽可／赛可 (Ningbonese)
- 較像／较像 (Hokkien)
- 較像是／较像是 (Hokkien)
- 較親像／较亲像 (Hokkien)
- 顯得／显得 (xiǎnde)
