Iuppiter

Latin

Iuppiter Tonans (late first century statue)

Alternative forms

• Iupiter

Etymology

The main root Iov-, Iovis (cf. Old Latin Diovis) is from Proto-Indo-European *dyew- (“sky”) (whence also Latin diēs). Cognate with Ancient Greek Ζεύς (Zeus), Hittite 𒅆𒍑 (sius), Sanskrit द्यु (dyú). The nominative Iuppiter comes from a vocative combined with Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr (“father”) (whence also Latin pater), and as such is cognate to Umbrian 𐌓𐌄𐌕𐌀𐌐𐌖𐌈 (iupater). The nominative form, essentially equivalent to Iovis Pater, or "father Jove", is probably from an earlier *Diu-pater, and corresponds to a Proto-Italic root *dyew-patēr, from a Proto-Indo-European *Dyēus ph₂ter ("sky father") (whence also Sanskrit द्यौष्पितृ (dyauṣ-pitṛ), Ancient Greek Ζεῦ πάτερ (Zeu pater) ("o father Zeus")).

Pronunciation

• IPA: /ˈjup.pi.ter/

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Proper noun

Iuppiter (genitive Iovis); m, irregular declension

1. The god Jupiter.
2. (poetic) The sky.
3. The planet Jupiter.
   • 1584: Johann Virdung of Hassfurt, De Cognoscendis, et Medendis Morbis ex Corporum Coelestium Positione

     [f. 7r] Ex ♃ Peripneumonia, Apoplexia, Pleuriſis cardiaca, Angina, [...] oriuntur.

     [f. 7v] HABENT Namque Planetæ ſpeciales influentias ſuper humani corporis membra ob exiſtentiam eorum in ſignis, vt in Ariete, Saturnus habet pectus. Iupiter ventrem. Mars caput. [etc.]

Inflection

Number	Singular	Plural
nominative	Iuppiter	Iovēs
genitive	Iovis	Iovum
dative	Iovī	Iovibus
accusative	Iovem	Iovēs
ablative	Iove	Iovibus
vocative	Iuppiter	Iovēs

Derived terms

• dies Iovis
• iovialis

See also

• Diespiter