desafinar

Portuguese

Etymology

From des- +‎ afinar.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /de.za.fiˈna(ʁ)/ [de.za.fiˈna(h)], /d͡ʒi.za.fiˈna(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.za.fiˈna(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /de.za.fiˈna(ʁ)/ [de.za.fiˈna(h)], /d͡ʒi.za.fiˈna(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.za.fiˈna(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /de.za.fiˈna(ɾ)/, /d͡ʒi.za.fiˈna(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /de.za.fiˈna(ʁ)/ [de.za.fiˈna(χ)], /d͡ʒi.za.fiˈna(ʁ)/ [d͡ʒi.za.fiˈna(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /de.za.fiˈna(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨ.zɐ.fiˈnaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨ.zɐ.fiˈnaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /dɨ.zɐ.fiˈna.ɾi/

Verb

desafinar (first-person singular present desafino, first-person singular preterite desafinei, past participle desafinado)

1. to sing or play out of tune
   • 1958, “Desafinado”, Newton Mendonça (lyrics), Antônio Carlos Jobim (music), performed by João Gilberto:

     Se você disser que eu desafino, amor / Saiba que isso em mim provoca imensa dor

     If you tell me that I am out of tune, my love / Know that it causes me immense pain

Conjugation

    Conjugation of desafinar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	desafinar
Personal	desafinar	desafinares	desafinar	desafinarmos	desafinardes	desafinarem
Gerund
	desafinando
Past participle
Masculine	desafinado			desafinados
Feminine	desafinada			desafinadas
Indicative
Present	desafino	desafinas	desafina	desafinamos	desafinais	desafinam
Imperfect	desafinava	desafinavas	desafinava	desafinávamos	desafináveis	desafinavam
Preterite	desafinei	desafinaste	desafinou	desafinamos1, desafinámos2	desafinastes	desafinaram
Pluperfect	desafinara	desafinaras	desafinara	desafináramos	desafináreis	desafinaram
Future	desafinarei	desafinarás	desafinará	desafinaremos	desafinareis	desafinarão
Conditional	desafinaria	desafinarias	desafinaria	desafinaríamos	desafinaríeis	desafinariam
Subjunctive
Present	desafine	desafines	desafine	desafinemos	desafineis	desafinem
Imperfect	desafinasse	desafinasses	desafinasse	desafinássemos	desafinásseis	desafinassem
Future	desafinar	desafinares	desafinar	desafinarmos	desafinardes	desafinarem
Imperative
Affirmative		desafina	desafine	desafinemos	desafinai	desafinem
Negative (não)		não desafines	não desafine	não desafinemos	não desafineis	não desafinem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /desafiˈnaɾ/ [d̪e.sa.fiˈnaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: de‧sa‧fi‧nar

Verb

desafinar (first-person singular present desafino, first-person singular preterite desafiné, past participle desafinado)

1. to sing or play out of tune

   Synonym: discordar

Conjugation

    Conjugation of desafinar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			desafinar
gerund			desafinando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		desafinado		desafinada
		plural		desafinados		desafinadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	desafino	desafinastú desafinásvos	desafina	desafinamos	desafináis	desafinan
	imperfect	desafinaba	desafinabas	desafinaba	desafinábamos	desafinabais	desafinaban
	preterite	desafiné	desafinaste	desafinó	desafinamos	desafinasteis	desafinaron
	future	desafinaré	desafinarás	desafinará	desafinaremos	desafinaréis	desafinarán
	conditional	desafinaría	desafinarías	desafinaría	desafinaríamos	desafinaríais	desafinarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	desafine	desafinestú desafinésvos2	desafine	desafinemos	desafinéis	desafinen
	imperfect (ra)	desafinara	desafinaras	desafinara	desafináramos	desafinarais	desafinaran
	imperfect (se)	desafinase	desafinases	desafinase	desafinásemos	desafinaseis	desafinasen
	future1	desafinare	desafinares	desafinare	desafináremos	desafinareis	desafinaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		desafinatú desafinávos	desafine	desafinemos	desafinad	desafinen
	negative		no desafines	no desafine	no desafinemos	no desafinéis	no desafinen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of desafinar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive desafinar
	dative	desafinarme	desafinarte	desafinarle, desafinarse	desafinarnos	desafinaros	desafinarles, desafinarse
	accusative	desafinarme	desafinarte	desafinarlo, desafinarla, desafinarse	desafinarnos	desafinaros	desafinarlos, desafinarlas, desafinarse
with gerund desafinando
	dative	desafinándome	desafinándote	desafinándole, desafinándose	desafinándonos	desafinándoos	desafinándoles, desafinándose
	accusative	desafinándome	desafinándote	desafinándolo, desafinándola, desafinándose	desafinándonos	desafinándoos	desafinándolos, desafinándolas, desafinándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative desafina
	dative	desafíname	desafínate	desafínale	desafínanos	not used	desafínales
	accusative	desafíname	desafínate	desafínalo, desafínala	desafínanos	not used	desafínalos, desafínalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative desafiná
	dative	desafiname	desafinate	desafinale	desafinanos	not used	desafinales
	accusative	desafiname	desafinate	desafinalo, desafinala	desafinanos	not used	desafinalos, desafinalas
with formal second-person singular imperative desafine
	dative	desafíneme	not used	desafínele, desafínese	desafínenos	not used	desafíneles
	accusative	desafíneme	not used	desafínelo, desafínela, desafínese	desafínenos	not used	desafínelos, desafínelas
with first-person plural imperative desafinemos
	dative	not used	desafinémoste	desafinémosle	desafinémonos	desafinémoos	desafinémosles
	accusative	not used	desafinémoste	desafinémoslo, desafinémosla	desafinémonos	desafinémoos	desafinémoslos, desafinémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative desafinad
	dative	desafinadme	not used	desafinadle	desafinadnos	desafinaos	desafinadles
	accusative	desafinadme	not used	desafinadlo, desafinadla	desafinadnos	desafinaos	desafinadlos, desafinadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative desafinen
	dative	desafínenme	not used	desafínenle	desafínennos	not used	desafínenles, desafínense
	accusative	desafínenme	not used	desafínenlo, desafínenla	desafínennos	not used	desafínenlos, desafínenlas, desafínense

Further reading

• “desafinar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014