offspring

English

Etymology

From Middle English ofspring, from Old English ofspring (“offspring, descendants, posterity”), equivalent to off- +‎ spring. Compare Icelandic afspringr (“offspring”). More at off, spring.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA: /ˈɒfsprɪŋ/, X-SAMPA: /"QfsprIN/
• (US) enPR: äfʹsprĭng, IPA: /ˈɑfsprɪŋ/, X-SAMPA: /"AfsprIN/

Noun

offspring (plural offspring or offsprings)

1. A person's daughter(s) and/or son(s); a person's children.
2. All a person's descendants, including further generations.
3. An animal or plant's progeny, an animal or plant's young.
4. (figuratively) Another produce, result of an entity's efforts.

   Artists often treasure their works as their immortal offspring.

5. (computing) A process launched by another process.

Usage notes

• The form offsprings is also used for the plural, especially the computing sense.

Synonyms

• (daughter(s) and/or son(s)): baby/babies, child/children, issue (plural only), get
• (all descendants): descendants, lineage, progeny, get

Antonyms

• (daughter(s) and/or son(s)): genitor (rare), parent, progenitor, father (male), mother (female)
• (descendants): ancestors, forbears/forebears, forefathers

Derived terms

• donor offspring
• parent-offspring conflict

Translations

singular offspring (male, female or sex unspecified)

• Armenian: զավակ (hy) (zavak)
• Bashkir: бала (bala), нәҫел (näθel)
• Bulgarian: потомък (bg) (potomǎk) m
• Czech: potomstvo (cs) n
• Dutch: afstammeling (nl) m, nageslacht (nl) n, nakomeling (nl) m, nazaat (nl) m, kind (nl) n
• Esperanto: (♂♀) ido (eo), filo (eo), filino (eo)
• Finnish: lapsi (fi), jälkeläinen (fi)
• French: enfant (fr) m and f
• German: Nachkomme (de) m, Nachkommin (de) f, Kind (de) n, Sohn (de) m, Tochter (de) f, Sprössling (de) m
• Greek: τέκνο (el) (tékno) n, παιδί (el) (pedí) n
• Italian: discendente (it) m and f, figlio (it) m, figlia (it) f
• Japanese: 胤 (ja) (tane)
• Korean: 자녀 (ko)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: etterkommer (no) m, avkom (no) n, ætling (no) m, ætting (no) m, barn (no) n

  Nynorsk: etterkomar (nn) m, etterkommar (nn) m, avkom (nn) n, ætling (nn) m, ætting (nn) m, barn (nn) n

• Polish: potomek (pl) m
• Portuguese: filho (pt) m, filha (pt) f
• Russian: потомок (ru) (potómok) m, отпрыск (ru) (ótprysk) m
• Santali: ᱜᱳᱱ (hon)
• Scottish Gaelic: sliochd (gd) m
• Serbo-Croatian: pòtomak (sh) m
• Slovak: potomek (sk) m
• Swedish: avkomling (sv) c, avkomma (sv) c, ättling (sv) c
• Taos: ȕ’úna
• Turkish: evlat (tr), çocuk (tr)

plural or collective offspring (only males, only females, both sexes or sex unspecified)

• Arabic: سلالة (ar) f
• Chamicuro: pujchi
• Czech: potomstvo (cs) n
• Dutch: afstammelingen (nl) pl, kinderen (nl) pl, kinders (nl) pl, nageslachten (nl) pl, nakomelingschap (nl) n, nakomelingen (nl) pl (collective)
• Esperanto: (♂♀) idaro (eo) (collective)
• Finnish: lapset (fi) pl, jälkeläiset (fi) pl, jälkikasvu (fi) (collective)
• French: enfance (fr) f (collective), (♂♀ or only ♂) enfants (fr) m pl, descendance (fr) f, progéniture (fr) f (humorous)
• German: Abkömmlinge (de) m pl, Nachfahren (de) m pl, Nachfahrinnen (de) f pl, Nachwuchs (de) m (uncountable, no pl), Sprösslinge (de) m pl, Nachkommen (de) m pl, Nachkomminnen (de) f pl, Nachkommenschaft (de) f (collective sg)
• Irish: clann (ga) f

  Old Irish: sílrad m

• Italian: discendenti (it) m pl and f pl
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: etterkommere (no) m pl, ætlinger (no) m, ættinger (no) n, avkom (nn) n (collective sg)

  Nynorsk: etterkomarar (nn) m pl, etterkommarar (nn) m pl, ætling (nn) m, ætting (nn) m, avkom (nn) n (collective sg)

• Polish: potomstwo (pl) n
• Russian: потомство (ru) (potómstvo) n
• Santali: ᱜᱳᱱ (hon)
• Scottish Gaelic: clann (gd) f, sliochd (gd) m
• Serbo-Croatian: pòtōmstvo (sh) n
• Slovak: potomstvo (sk) n
• Swedish: avkomlingar (sv) c pl, avkommor (sv) c pl, ättlingar (sv) c pl

singular offspring, animal's or plant's progeny

• Esperanto: (♂♀) ido (eo)

• Scottish Gaelic: àl (gd) m (animal's or bird's)

plural or collective offspring, animal's or plant's progeny

• Esperanto: (♂♀) idaro (eo)
• Finnish: jälkeläiset (fi) pl
• French: progéniture (fr) f

• German: Nachwuchs (de) m (uncountable, no pl)
• Scottish Gaelic: àil (gd) m pl (animal's or bird's)

other produce

• Dutch: voortbrengst, productie
• Finnish: aikaansaannos (fi), lapsi (fi)

• German: Hinterlassenschaft (de) f

computing: process launched by another process

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Help:How to check translations.

Translations to be checked

• Bulgarian: поколение,потомство n
• French: descendance, enfance, enfants pl, postérité, progéniture
• Dutch: [oir] n
• Old English: ofspring, tēam

• Portuguese: descendente
• Telugu: సంతానం (saMtaanaM)